ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain a saline-lock. Maintaining a saline lock is important for potential intravenous access, but it is not the most urgent priority compared to actions that directly monitor the child's condition and help manage the disease. Educate the parents about potential complications. Parental education is important for long-term management and understanding of the condition, but it is not the most immediate priority in the acute phase of the illness. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet. A no-salt-added diet is important to help manage fluid retention and hypertension, which are common in acute glomerulonephritis. However, while important, it does not take immediate priority over assessing the child's fluid status. Check the child's weight daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10/mg/kg PO to a preschool child for fever. The child weighs 22 lb. Available is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First, convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms: 22 lb ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg. Calculate the dose: 10 kg × 10 mg/kg = 100 mg. Next, calculate how many mL of acetaminophen liquid (160 mg/5 mL) is needed for 100 mg: 100mg ÷ 160mg/5ml = 100 × 5/160 = 3.125ml. Rounded to the nearest tenth, administer 3.1 mL (since the medication is typically measured in tenths).
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the record of a child admitted to the hospital with nephrotic syndrome. Which finding would the nurse expect to note documented in the record?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased appetite: Increased appetite is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome, as protein loss can lead to generalized malaise and decreased appetite. Proteinuria: Proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine) is a hallmark finding in nephrotic syndrome due to increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. Weight loss: Weight gain due to edema is more common in nephrotic syndrome than weight loss. Hyperalbuminemia: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by hypoalbuminemia (low albumin levels) due to loss of albumin through the kidneys.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia and plans to address the expected needs of this client? Select all that apply.
| Excessive hair growth |
| Increased appetite |
| Fatigue |
| Possible infections |
| Easy bruising |
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Excessive hair growth: Hair loss, not excessive hair growth, is a common side effect of chemotherapy. B. Increased appetite. Chemotherapy often causes nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite, not an increase in appetite. C. Fatigue. Fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to its impact on the body, including reduced blood counts and overall systemic stress. D. Possible infections: Chemotherapy weakens the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. The nurse will monitor the child for signs of infection and implement measures to prevent them, like proper hand hygiene and maintaining a clean environment. E. Easy bruising: Chemotherapy can affect blood clotting, making the child more susceptible to bruising. The nurse will educate the parents and child about precautions to minimize bruising risks.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with a parent of a 2-month-old infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by hunger after meals. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Give your infant an oral rehydration solution.' While rehydration is important, projectile vomiting could indicate a more serious underlying issue that needs medical evaluation. 'You might want to try switching to a different formula.' Formula intolerance is less likely to cause projectile vomiting. A change in formula should not be suggested without ruling out more serious conditions first. 'Bring your infant into the clinic today to be seen.' Projectile vomiting in an infant, especially when followed by hunger, can indicate pyloric stenosis, a condition that requires prompt medical evaluation. The infant should be seen by a healthcare provider to determine the cause and initiate appropriate treatment. 'Burp your child more frequently during feedings.' Burping can help with regular gas and minor feeding issues, but it is unlikely to resolve projectile vomiting.