ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A mother is concerned about what might have caused a heat rash on her infant. The nurse observes tiny pinhead-sized reddened papules on the infant's neck and axilla. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this rash?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sun exposure: Sun exposure typically causes sunburn rather than tiny pinhead-sized papules. Allergic reaction: Allergic reactions often present with different types of lesions or hives, not typically tiny papules. Infection: Infections might cause different types of lesions or pustules rather than the described tiny papules. Heat and moisture: Heat rash (miliaria) results from blocked sweat ducts, leading to tiny red papules due to overheating and trapped sweat, commonly occurring in areas like the neck and axilla.
Question 2 of 5
What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keep edematous areas moist and covered. Keeping edematous areas moist and covered can worsen edema by trapping moisture and heat, leading to increased swelling. Reach the child to minimize body movement. Minimizing body movement is not appropriate as it can lead to muscle weakness and stiffness. Encouraging gentle movement and position changes is beneficial. Change the child's position frequently. Changing the child's position frequently helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and improves circulation, which can aid in reducing edema. Keep the head of the child's bed flat. Elevating the head of the bed can help reduce edema by promoting venous return and reducing fluid accumulation in dependent areas.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of a 5-year-old child taking prednisone for nephrotic syndrome tells the nurse he needs to get immunizations to enter kindergarten. What does the nurse clarify about receiving immunizations while on prednisone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Require that the child have antibiotic coverage. This answer is incorrect because immunizations do not typically require antibiotic coverage. Should be delayed. Prednisone can suppress the immune response, potentially reducing the effectiveness of vaccines.
Therefore, immunizations should be delayed until the child has completed the course of prednisone and their immune system has recovered. Can interfere with the treatment for nephrosis. While prednisone can be part of nephrotic syndrome treatment, immunizations are not known to interfere directly with this treatment. Can be given in smaller, divided doses. This answer is incorrect because the issue isn't about the size or frequency of the vaccine doses but rather about the timing relative to the child's immunosuppressive treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a 2-year-old toddler who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Initiate isotonic fluids with 20 mEq/L potassium chloride. The priority in treating acute gastroenteritis in a toddler is to manage dehydration, which is often severe due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Isotonic fluids with electrolytes like potassium chloride help to restore fluid balance and prevent complications like electrolyte imbalances. This is the most urgent action to stabilize the child's condition. Request evaluation of the toddler's serum electrolytes. While important, this can be done after fluid resuscitation has begun to assess the severity of electrolyte imbalances. Determine if the toddler is voiding. Important for assessing renal function, but not the first priority in acute gastroenteritis. Collect a stool sample from the toddler. Useful for identifying the causative organism but not as urgent as fluid resuscitation.
Question 5 of 5
Which physical assessment technique will the nurse omit when caring for a 2-year-old child diagnosed with Wilms' tumor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Percussing ankle and knee reflexes. Safe and non-invasive, and does not risk disturbing the tumor. Assessing for bowel sounds. Routine part of assessment and does not involve manipulating the tumor. Performing range-of-motion exercises on lower extremities. Safe and non-invasive, unrelated to the abdominal tumor. Palpating the abdomen. Palpating the abdomen in a child with Wilms' tumor is avoided to prevent the risk of tumor rupture and subsequent metastasis.