ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is admitting a patient to the acute care floor. While obtaining the history, the client tells the nurse she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following medications, if ordered by the physician, would be safe for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has a different chemical structure from penicillins, making it safe for penicillin-allergic patients. Piperacillin-tazobactam and ampicillin sulbactam are penicillin derivatives, contraindicated due to allergy risk. Cefazolin, a cephalosporin, carries a potential for cross-reactivity, especially with severe penicillin allergies, and should be used cautiously or avoided.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is admitting a client to the acute care floor with methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The nurse would expect the physician to order which of the following medications for the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vancomycin is a standard treatment for MRSA, which is resistant to penicillin. Streptomycin and kanamycin are not typically first-line for MRSA infections.
Question 3 of 5
Which term is used to describe the stain of bacteria?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gram-positive describes bacteria retaining crystal violet in Gram staining, indicating cell wall structure. Aerobic refers to oxygen needs, cocci to shape, and Bacillus to a genus, not staining.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K 1 mg IM to a newborn. Available is vitamin K injection 1 mg/0.5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.5
Rationale: Using the formula: Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) ÷ Concentration (mg/mL), and noting concentration is 1 mg/0.5 mL (or 2 mg/mL), for a 1 mg dose, Volume = 1 ÷ 2 = 0.5 mL, which is already to the nearest tenth.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is discussing treatment for a superinfection with a client and family members. The family asks the nurse what a superinfection is. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A superinfection occurs when antibiotics kill normal flora, allowing other microbes to overgrow, causing a new infection. Drug resistance, immune weakness, or treatment difficulty are not specific to superinfections.