ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The term 'mutations' refers to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Permanent inheritable changes to DNA. Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence that can be passed down to offspring. This definition aligns with the scientific understanding of mutations in genetics.
Choice A is incorrect as mutations do not necessarily cause disease.
Choice C refers to antibiotics, not mutations.
Choice D is incorrect as mutations do not determine disease severity.
Question 2 of 5
Which hormone released by the Islets of Langerhans, acts to increase blood glucose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glucagon. Glucagon is released by the Islets of Langerhans in response to low blood glucose levels. It acts to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver, releasing stored glucose into the bloodstream. This helps to raise blood sugar levels back to normal. Other choices are incorrect as they do not play a role in increasing blood glucose levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer ondansetron 4 mg IM stat. The amount available is ondansetron for injection 2 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale:
To calculate the mL to administer, divide the desired dose (4 mg) by the concentration (2 mg/mL). 4 mg / 2 mg/mL = 2 mL.
Therefore, the correct answer is 2 mL.
Choice A (0 mL) is incorrect as some medication needs to be administered.
Choices B-G are also incorrect as they do not align with the calculation of the desired dose divided by concentration.
Question 4 of 5
Mrs. Oza, age 69, has hypertension and has one functioning kidney. She loves chocolates and enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a week. Her hobby is gardening and she goes for long walks despite having arthritis. Which one of the following pieces of information is likely to have the greatest significance if she is prescribed vancomycin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - She only has one functioning kidney
Rationale:
1. Vancomycin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys.
2. With only one functioning kidney, Mrs. Oza may have impaired drug clearance, leading to potential toxicity.
3. Having hypertension or enjoying alcohol occasionally does not directly impact vancomycin metabolism.
4. Gardening and walking do not significantly affect vancomycin clearance.
5. Being outdoors for long periods does not directly influence vancomycin elimination.
Question 5 of 5
Jennifer takes birth control pills. Recently she was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection and is taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro). To maximize the therapeutic effects of both types of drugs, what should the nurse tell Jennifer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Complete the ciprofloxacin therapy and use a backup method of contraception. Ciprofloxacin can reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills. By completing the full course of ciprofloxacin therapy and using a backup method of contraception, Jennifer can ensure that both the urinary tract infection and contraceptive effects are optimized.
Choice A is incorrect as adding another drug for the urinary tract infection may not be necessary if ciprofloxacin is effective.
Choice B is incorrect as continuing both therapies simultaneously may lead to decreased effectiveness of the birth control pills.
Choice D is incorrect as abstaining from sexual activity is not necessary if a backup method of contraception is used.