ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Mr. Carter has been recently started on an antibiotic, and has developed a rash and pruritis. You suspect an allergic reaction and immediately assess him for other more serious symptoms. What question would be most important to ask Mr. Carter?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Difficulty breathing indicates potential anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction requiring immediate intervention. Blood in stool, hearing issues, or headaches are less urgent and not specific to severe allergic responses.
Question 2 of 5
Untreated or improperly treated diabetes is the primary cause of the following: (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Diabetes is a leading cause of new blindness (diabetic retinopathy), nontraumatic lower extremity amputations (due to neuropathy and poor circulation), and renal failure (diabetic nephropathy). Pancreatitis and hepatitis are not directly caused by diabetes but have other etiologies like gallstones or viral infections.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is important for the nurse to assess and monitor in a patient prescribed metformin (Glucophage)? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by kidneys, so renal/hepatic disease increases lactic acidosis risk. Contrast dye procedures require temporary discontinuation to prevent toxicity. Heart failure contraindicates metformin due to lactic acidosis risk. Fluid retention and weight gain are less directly related.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse needs to monitor a client's blood sugar after administration of insulin regular (Humulin R). When does the nurse expect to assess the client's blood sugar based on the peak action of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular insulin (Humulin R) peaks at 2–4 hours, when the risk of hypoglycemia is highest, necessitating blood sugar monitoring. Other time frames correspond to onset (15–30 min) or later duration, not peak effect.
Question 5 of 5
Before starting antimicrobial therapy, the nurse assesses a patient for possible drug allergy. Which of the following complaints should alert the nurse to a drug allergy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hives and shortness of breath are classic signs of an allergic reaction, indicating immediate hypersensitivity or potentially anaphylaxis, requiring caution before administering antimicrobials. Diarrhea, headaches, and nausea are common side effects of antibiotics but not specific indicators of allergy.