ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with admitting an infant who has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: A. Change diapers frequently. Frequent diaper changes reduce prolonged contact with moisture, decreasing the risk of dermatitis. B. Allow the buttocks to air-dry. Air-drying helps to keep the skin dry and allows it to heal, preventing further irritation. C. Use commercial baby wipes that are free of alcohol and fragrances to cleanse the area. Alcohol and fragrance-free wipes minimize further irritation to the sensitive skin. D. Apply zinc oxide ointment to the affected area. Zinc oxide creates a protective barrier that helps heal and protect the skin from moisture and irritants. E. Apply talcum powder with every diaper change. Talcum powder is not recommended as it can be inhaled by the infant and may cause respiratory issues.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes. Associated with dehydration, not hypoglycemia. Diaphoresis. Sweating (diaphoresis) is a common symptom of hypoglycemia due to the body's response to low blood glucose levels. Polyuria. Associated with hyperglycemia, where there is an excess of glucose leading to increased urine output. Fruity breath odor. Indicates ketosis, which is a sign of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia and plans to address the expected needs of this client? Select all that apply.
| Excessive hair growth |
| Increased appetite |
| Fatigue |
| Possible infections |
| Easy bruising |
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Excessive hair growth: Hair loss, not excessive hair growth, is a common side effect of chemotherapy. B. Increased appetite. Chemotherapy often causes nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite, not an increase in appetite. C. Fatigue. Fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to its impact on the body, including reduced blood counts and overall systemic stress. D. Possible infections: Chemotherapy weakens the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. The nurse will monitor the child for signs of infection and implement measures to prevent them, like proper hand hygiene and maintaining a clean environment. E. Easy bruising: Chemotherapy can affect blood clotting, making the child more susceptible to bruising. The nurse will educate the parents and child about precautions to minimize bruising risks.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Physical Examination
Vital Signs
Diagnostic Results
Guardians report the child has had a decrease in activity for 2 weeks. Child has been reporting pain in the legs. Guardians state that their child has been napping longer than usual and appears tired throughout the day. Child has had cold symptoms that have been persistent with a fever and congestion for the past 10 days. Guardians have been administering acetaminophen for fever with moderate relief
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of an adolescent who reports abdominal pain. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first address the client's ___ followed by the client's ___
Correct Answer: A,F
Rationale: The nurse should first address the client's Pain followed by the client's heart rate. Pain: Priority: Pain is a critical factor that needs immediate attention, especially since the adolescent reports a high pain level of 9/10, which indicates severe discomfort. Unmanaged pain can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and potentially worsen the patient's condition. The adolescent is guarding the abdomen, which indicates severe pain possibly due to an underlying issue such as appendicitis or another serious abdominal pathology. The right lower quadrant pain and positive obturator sign suggest an acute abdomen, which could be life-threatening and requires urgent attention. Heart rate: Priority: After addressing pain, the nurse should focus on the heart rate, which is elevated at 124 beats per minute (tachycardia). Tachycardia in this context could be a response to pain or an indication of infection, dehydration, or another serious underlying condition. Given that the temperature is slightly elevated (38°C or 100.4°F), there is a possibility of an infectious process, which could be contributing to both pain and the elevated heart rate.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Physical Examination
Vital Signs
Diagnostic Results
Guardians report the child has had a decrease in activity for 2 weeks. Child has been reporting pain in the legs. Guardians state that their child has been napping longer than usual and appears tired throughout the day. Child has had cold symptoms that have been persistent with a fever and congestion for the past 10 days. Guardians have been administering acetaminophen for fever with moderate relief
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a toddler. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first address the child's ___ followed by the child's ___
| pain |
| bruising |
| temperature |
| heart rate |
| laboratory values |
| respiratory rate |
| nasal stuffiness |
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The nurse should first address the child's temperature followed by the child's laboratory values. Temperature: The child has a fever of 38.9°C (102°F), which is above the normal range for toddlers (36.5°C to 37.5°C or 97.7°F to 99.5°F). A high fever can indicate an ongoing infection or inflammatory process and can lead to serious complications, especially in a toddler. Addressing the fever promptly is crucial to prevent potential febrile seizures, dehydration, and other heat-related complications. Fever management is essential to improving the child's comfort and preventing the worsening of symptoms. Laboratory values: The child's laboratory results show abnormalities that are significant. Hemoglobin is low at 7.6 g/dL (indicating anemia), hematocrit is also low at 21%, and platelets are decreased at 110,000/mm³, which could suggest a hematologic disorder such as leukemia or a severe infection. The elevated white blood cell count further supports the presence of an infection or an inflammatory response. These lab abnormalities are critical and need to be addressed to determine the underlying cause and to plan further treatment.