ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertension: Hypertension is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome unless there are underlying kidney complications. Polyuria: Polyuria (increased urine output) is not typically seen in nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by proteinuria and edema. Orange-tinged urine: Orange-tinged urine suggests the presence of blood or bilirubin, which is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Periorbital edema: Periorbital edema (swelling around the eyes) is a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dry mucous membranes. Associated with dehydration, not hypoglycemia. Diaphoresis. Sweating (diaphoresis) is a common symptom of hypoglycemia due to the body's response to low blood glucose levels. Polyuria. Associated with hyperglycemia, where there is an excess of glucose leading to increased urine output. Fruity breath odor. Indicates ketosis, which is a sign of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, not hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old client who has an upper respiratory infection and a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I will report changes in breathing or signs of confusion.' Correct action as changes in breathing or confusion can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or other serious complications. 'I will encourage him to drink a half a cup of water or sugar-free fluid every 30 minutes.' Ensuring adequate fluid intake helps prevent dehydration and helps manage blood sugar levels during illness. 'I will notify the doctor if his temperature is not controlled with acetaminophen.' Correct action as fever may indicate an infection that needs further medical evaluation and treatment. 'I will continue to check his blood sugar two times every day.' When a child with diabetes is ill, blood sugar should be monitored more frequently, typically every 3-4 hours, to manage the risk of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia due to illness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about lice with the parents of a school-age child at a well-child visit. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encourage your child to avoid sharing hats with other children.' Lice are primarily transmitted through direct head-to-head contact, not by sharing hats or other items. 'Lice can jump from one child to another.' Lice cannot jump; they crawl from one person to another during direct contact. 'Lice do not survive away from the host.' Lice can survive away from a host for a limited period (usually less than a day) but not for extended periods. 'Washing your child's hair daily will prevent lice.' While good hygiene is important, washing hair daily does not necessarily prevent lice infestations.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following is an action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Offer chicken broth: Chicken broth alone may not provide adequate electrolyte replacement and hydration needed for managing diarrhea-related dehydration. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides: NPO status is generally not necessary unless the child is unable to tolerate oral fluids. ORT is preferred to maintain hydration. Start hypertonic IV solution: Hypertonic IV solutions are not typically used for routine management of dehydration from diarrhea in children. ORT is safer and effective. Assist with initiating oral rehydration therapy: Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the primary intervention for managing dehydration due to diarrhea in children. It helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes and is the recommended first-line treatment.