ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is providing dietary teaching to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the dietary recommendations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should include high-protein foods like chicken and fish in my diet: High-protein foods support healing and muscle maintenance in Crohn's disease. Plant-based-only or low-protein diets are not recommended.
Extract:
A 45-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. She reports that the pain started suddenly and has progressively worsened. The healthcare provider suspects peritonitis and orders immediate interventions.
Physical examination
On examination, the patient has a distended abdomen, guarding, and rebound tenderness.
Her vital signs are as follows:
Temperature 102.4°F (39.1°C), Heart rate 120 bpm, Blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory rate 24 breaths per minute.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following complications is the nurse's highest priority to monitor for in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock: The patient's low blood pressure, high heart rate, and signs of fluid shifts from peritonitis indicate a high risk for hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and requires immediate monitoring. Sepsis is also critical but secondary in this context.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of decrease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The glomerular filtration rate decreases because there is injury to the renal tubular cells: In ATN, tubular cell damage disrupts nephron filtration, causing a decline in GFR. Inflammation, reduced blood flow, or obstruction are not the primary causes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is providing dietary teaching to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the dietary recommendations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should include high-protein foods like chicken and fish in my diet: High-protein foods support healing and muscle maintenance in Crohn's disease. Plant-based-only or low-protein diets are not recommended.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Confusion: In older adults, UTIs often present with atypical symptoms like confusion or delirium, unlike classic symptoms in younger patients. Low back pain, retention, and incontinence are not unique to this group.