ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with ascites has been admitted to your unit. Which of the following safety precautions should you reinforce to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Instruct the patient to change positions slowly: Ascites can cause orthostatic hypotension, so slow position changes prevent dizziness and falls. Avoiding activity, excess fluids, or tight clothing is not appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with suspected appendicitis is being prepared for surgery. Which of the following preoperative interventions should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Place the patient on NPO status: NPO status prevents aspiration during anesthesia and is standard for abdominal surgeries like appendectomy. Heating pads, enemas, and oral analgesics are contraindicated.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of decrease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The glomerular filtration rate decreases because there is injury to the renal tubular cells: In ATN, tubular cell damage disrupts nephron filtration, causing a decline in GFR. Inflammation, reduced blood flow, or obstruction are not the primary causes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is recovering from a common bile duct exploration and has a T-tube drain in place. As the nurse, which action is most appropriate to ensure proper function and patient safety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain the drainage bag below the level of the abdomen: This promotes gravity drainage of bile, ensuring proper T-tube function. Flushing, prolonged clamping, or securing to the gown are not appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.