ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has end-stage liver disease and a recent diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Which of the following statements provides the best recommendation to prevent complications of bleeding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Only use a soft-bristle toothbrush: A soft-bristle toothbrush reduces gum bleeding risk in thrombocytopenia. Visualizing skin, flossing, or ice packs are less effective preventive measures.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia: Chronic blood loss from ulcerative colitis can cause iron-deficiency anemia, leading to fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Dehydration, hyperkalemia, and electrolyte imbalances do not directly cause these symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse is providing education on health prevention measures to manage GERD symptoms. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime: This prevents acid reflux when lying down. Large meals, peppermint tea, and lying down after eating worsen GERD.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin: Vancomycin is nephrotoxic and should be avoided or used cautiously in CKD patients. Atorvastatin, losartan, and low-dose aspirin are generally safe or beneficial.
Extract:
A 45-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. She reports that the pain started suddenly and has progressively worsened. The healthcare provider suspects peritonitis and orders immediate interventions.
Physical examination
On examination, the patient has a distended abdomen, guarding, and rebound tenderness.
Her vital signs are as follows:
Temperature 102.4°F (39.1°C), Heart rate 120 bpm, Blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory rate 24 breaths per minute.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following complications is the nurse's highest priority to monitor for in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock: The patient's low blood pressure, high heart rate, and signs of fluid shifts from peritonitis indicate a high risk for hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and requires immediate monitoring. Sepsis is also critical but secondary in this context.