ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia: Chronic blood loss from ulcerative colitis can cause iron-deficiency anemia, leading to fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Dehydration, hyperkalemia, and electrolyte imbalances do not directly cause these symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following actions is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluate fluid and electrolyte levels: Fluid and electrolyte imbalances from diarrhea and bleeding are critical during an exacerbation, making this the priority to prevent complications like dehydration or hypovolemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an admitted diagnosis of renal calculi and medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days of the week outside in temperatures between 32.2° C to 37.8° C (90° F to 100° F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a reoccurrence of renal calculi?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drink plenty of fluids during the day: Adequate hydration is the most important strategy to prevent the formation of renal calculi, especially in hot climates where fluid loss through sweat increases the risk. High oxalate and purine-rich foods can promote stone formation, and gout medication, while important, is not the primary intervention.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is used to reduce inflammation during ulcerative colitis exacerbations. Metronidazole is more for Crohn's or infections, omeprazole treats GERD or ulcers, and loperamide risks toxic megacolon.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has an intestinal obstruction and is receiving continuous gastrointestinal decompression using a nasogastric tube. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measure abdominal girth daily: Measuring abdominal girth daily helps assess for changes in distention, which is important in monitoring the effectiveness of the decompression. Lemon-glycerin swabs can dry the oral mucosa, Fowler's position is appropriate but not the primary intervention here, and sterile water is not recommended for NG tube irrigation.