ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis. The child has peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. Which of the following diets should the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular diet, no added salt: A regular diet with no added salt does not adequately address the sodium restriction needed to manage edema in acute glomerulonephritis. Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet: Restricting carbohydrates and proteins is not typically necessary in acute glomerulonephritis unless there are specific complications. Low-protein, low-potassium diet: While protein restriction may be necessary in chronic kidney disease, it is not typically the primary focus in managing acute glomerulonephritis. Low-sodium, fluid-restricted: A low-sodium diet helps to reduce fluid retention and manage edema in acute glomerulonephritis. Fluid restriction may also be necessary to manage fluid balance.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a 2-year-old toddler who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Initiate isotonic fluids with 20 mEq/L potassium chloride. The priority in treating acute gastroenteritis in a toddler is to manage dehydration, which is often severe due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Isotonic fluids with electrolytes like potassium chloride help to restore fluid balance and prevent complications like electrolyte imbalances. This is the most urgent action to stabilize the child's condition. Request evaluation of the toddler's serum electrolytes. While important, this can be done after fluid resuscitation has begun to assess the severity of electrolyte imbalances. Determine if the toddler is voiding. Important for assessing renal function, but not the first priority in acute gastroenteritis. Collect a stool sample from the toddler. Useful for identifying the causative organism but not as urgent as fluid resuscitation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the guardian of an infant who has seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When patches are present, it indicates that your infant has a systemic infection.' Seborrheic dermatitis is a benign, non-infectious condition and does not indicate systemic infection. 'You can use petrolatum to help soften and remove patches from your infant's scalp.' Petrolatum can help soften and loosen scales in seborrheic dermatitis, making them easier to remove gently. This can help manage the condition effectively. 'You should avoid washing your infant's hair while patches are present on the scalp.' Gentle washing with a mild shampoo can help manage seborrheic dermatitis. Avoiding washing altogether is not necessary unless advised by a healthcare provider. 'When patches are present, you should keep your infant away from others.' Seborrheic dermatitis is not contagious, so there is no need to keep the infant away from others.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain a saline-lock. Maintaining a saline lock is important for potential intravenous access, but it is not the most urgent priority compared to actions that directly monitor the child's condition and help manage the disease. Educate the parents about potential complications. Parental education is important for long-term management and understanding of the condition, but it is not the most immediate priority in the acute phase of the illness. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet. A no-salt-added diet is important to help manage fluid retention and hypertension, which are common in acute glomerulonephritis. However, while important, it does not take immediate priority over assessing the child's fluid status. Check the child's weight daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a school-age child who has a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the child indicates a need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I should not take my regular insulin when I am sick.' Regular insulin should not be withheld during illness, as blood glucose levels can increase during times of stress or infection. This statement indicates the child needs further education on managing diabetes during illness. 'I will rotate injections sites within my abdominal area.' Rotating injection sites within a specific area helps to prevent lipodystrophy and ensures consistent absorption of insulin. This statement shows appropriate understanding. 'I will test my blood sugar before meals and at bedtime.' Frequent monitoring of blood glucose is essential in managing type 1 diabetes. This statement indicates correct knowledge of monitoring practices. 'I should eat a snack before I play soccer.' Eating a snack before physical activity helps to prevent hypoglycemia. This statement indicates a proper understanding of diabetes management related to exercise.