ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10/mg/kg PO to a preschool child for fever. The child weighs 22 lb. Available is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First, convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms: 22 lb ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg. Calculate the dose: 10 kg × 10 mg/kg = 100 mg. Next, calculate how many mL of acetaminophen liquid (160 mg/5 mL) is needed for 100 mg: 100mg ÷ 160mg/5ml = 100 × 5/160 = 3.125ml. Rounded to the nearest tenth, administer 3.1 mL (since the medication is typically measured in tenths).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rigid abdomen: A rigid abdomen is not typically associated with Hirschsprung disease unless there is severe obstruction and distension. Ribbonlike, foul-smelling stools: Hirschsprung disease causes obstruction of the colon, leading to constipation and ribbonlike, foul-smelling stools proximal to the affected segment. Projectile vomiting: Projectile vomiting is not typically associated with Hirschsprung disease but may occur in other conditions causing bowel obstruction. Chronic hunger: Chronic hunger is not a typical finding in Hirschsprung disease and is more indicative of metabolic or endocrine disorders.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluate the child's self-esteem. Self-esteem evaluation is important in general nursing care but is not a specific intervention for managing urinary tract infections. Encourage frequent voiding. Frequent voiding helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevents stasis, which can reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Administer an antidiuretic. Antidiuretics reduce urine output and are not typically used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, which require adequate urine flow to flush out bacteria. Restrict fluids. Adequate hydration is important in managing urinary tract infections to promote urine flow and help flush out bacteria. Fluid restriction is not appropriate unless otherwise indicated.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an infant. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of pyloric stenosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Projectile vomiting after feedings: Projectile vomiting after feedings, especially occurring a short time after feeding, is a classic sign of pyloric stenosis due to obstruction at the pylorus. Absent bowel sounds: Absent bowel sounds may occur in more advanced cases of bowel obstruction but are not specific to pyloric stenosis. Increased sodium level: Increased sodium level is not typically associated with pyloric stenosis. Golf ball-size mass over the left quadrant: A palpable mass in the left quadrant is not a typical finding in pyloric stenosis.
Question 5 of 5
What is the treatment of choice for a child with intussusception?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A barium enema: A barium enema is both diagnostic and therapeutic for intussusception in many cases. It helps to diagnose the condition by visualizing the telescoped intestine and can also often reduce the intussusception by hydrostatic pressure. IV fluids until the spasms subside: IV fluids are important for managing dehydration and maintaining hydration but do not directly treat intussusception. Immediate surgery: Surgery may be necessary if non-operative reduction methods fail or if there are complications like bowel necrosis or perforation. However, it is not the first-line treatment choice. Gastric lavage: Gastric lavage (stomach pumping) is not indicated for the treatment of intussusception.