ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative immediately following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following snacks should the nurse offer the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An orange ice pop is a good choice because it is cold and soothing for the throat, and it is also clear liquid which is usually recommended after tonsillectomy. Cranberry juice is not the best choice because it is acidic and can cause discomfort to the surgical site. Ice cream is not recommended immediately after surgery because dairy products can increase mucus production which can lead to coughing and discomfort. Apple juice is not the best choice because it is acidic and can cause discomfort to the surgical site.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure and vomiting. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While placing a pillow under the child's head might seem like a good idea, it's actually not recommended during a seizure. The child's movements could be unpredictable, and a pillow could potentially cause suffocation. Removing the child's eyeglasses is a good idea, but it's not the first thing you should do. The child's safety is the top priority, and eyeglasses can be removed once the child is safe. Timing the seizure is important for medical professionals to know, but it's not the first action to take. The child's immediate safety is the priority. Moving the child into a side-lying position is the priority. This position helps keep the airway clear and allows any vomit to exit the mouth, reducing the risk of choking.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with a parent of a 2-month-old infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by hunger after meals. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms described by the parent - projectile vomiting followed by hunger - could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the small intestine. This condition can lead to severe dehydration and requires immediate medical attention. While burping can help to relieve gas and minor stomach discomfort, it would not address the underlying issue causing the projectile vomiting. This advice might be appropriate for a baby with simple colic or gas, but not for the symptoms described. While oral rehydrating solutions can help to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, they do not address the underlying cause of the projectile vomiting. Furthermore, if the baby is vomiting frequently, they may not be able to keep down the solution. Switching formulas can sometimes help babies who have allergies or intolerances to certain ingredients in their current formula. However, the symptoms described are not typical of a formula intolerance or allergy. Moreover, switching formulas without seeking medical advice can potentially lead to other complications.
Question 4 of 5
What symptoms should a nurse expect in a 6-week-old infant admitted for evaluation of suspected pyloric stenosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Projectile vomiting is a common symptom in infants with pyloric stenosis. This is due to the narrowing of the pylorus, the muscular valve at the bottom of the stomach, which prevents breast milk or formula from passing through to the small intestine. Effortless regurgitation is not typically associated with pyloric stenosis. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting. Metabolic acidosis is not a typical symptom of pyloric stenosis. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting. While a distended abdomen can occur in some cases of pyloric stenosis, it is not the most common symptom. The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a school-age child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and his parent about illness management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Withholding insulin when feeling nauseous is not recommended. Insulin is necessary for the body to use glucose for energy. Without insulin, glucose stays in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels. Testing the urine for ketones is important in managing type 1 diabetes. When the body does not have enough insulin, it breaks down fat as fuel. This process produces a buildup of acids in the bloodstream called ketones, eventually leading to diabetic ketoacidosis if untreated. Limiting fluid intake during mealtime is not specifically related to the management of type 1 diabetes. It's important to stay hydrated, but it doesn't directly affect blood glucose levels. Notifying the provider if blood glucose levels are over 350 mg/dL is not the only time medical advice should be sought. Any persistent, unusual, or extreme blood glucose reading should be discussed with a healthcare provider.