ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care of an unconscious adolescent who ingested a non-corrosive substance that has no recommended antidote. The nurse should recommend performing gastric lavage with which of the following substances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Activated charcoal is often used in the management of poisoning. It works by binding to the poison in the stomach and preventing it from being absorbed into the body. Osmotic diarrheal agents are not typically used in gastric lavage. These agents work by increasing the amount of water in the intestinal tract, which can stimulate bowel movements. Syrup of ipecac was once used to induce vomiting in cases of poisoning, but it is no longer recommended for use in poisoning cases. 0.9% sodium chloride, or normal saline, is a type of fluid that's often used in medical treatments, but it's not typically used in gastric lavage for poisoning.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with collecting data from a 10-month-old in the emergency department. Medical History: Guardians brought the infant to the emergency room after witnessing the infant's arms and legs shaking. The infant did not respond to the guardians' voices during that time. The episode lasted approximately 5 min and the infant was sleeping soundly afterwards. On the way to the emergency department, the infant had another episode of shaking of the extremities and drooling. The infant was asleep when they arrived for evaluation. The infant has no prior medical or surgical history. Born full-term at 40 weeks to a birth mother who had regular prenatal visits. Actions to Take: Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The infant's symptoms suggest a possible seizure disorder. Seizures can cause symptoms such as shaking of the extremities and unresponsiveness. The fact that the infant was sleeping soundly after the episode and had another episode of shaking and drooling on the way to the emergency department further supports this. The nurse should monitor the infant's neurological status and vital signs, and administer anticonvulsant medication as ordered by the physician.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has acute appendicitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not typically associated with acute appendicitis. In fact, tachycardia, or a faster than normal heart rate, may occur due to the body's response to inflammation and infection. Hyperactive bowel sounds are not a typical finding in acute appendicitis. In fact, bowel sounds may be normal or decreased due to the inflammatory process. A white blood cell (WB
C) count of 17,000/mm is higher than the normal range, indicating the presence of an infection or inflammation in the body. This is a common finding in acute appendicitis. Pain from appendicitis is typically located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, not the left.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a school-age child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and his parent about illness management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Withholding insulin when feeling nauseous is not recommended. Insulin is necessary for the body to use glucose for energy. Without insulin, glucose stays in the bloodstream, leading to high blood sugar levels. Testing the urine for ketones is important in managing type 1 diabetes. When the body does not have enough insulin, it breaks down fat as fuel. This process produces a buildup of acids in the bloodstream called ketones, eventually leading to diabetic ketoacidosis if untreated. Limiting fluid intake during mealtime is not specifically related to the management of type 1 diabetes. It's important to stay hydrated, but it doesn't directly affect blood glucose levels. Notifying the provider if blood glucose levels are over 350 mg/dL is not the only time medical advice should be sought. Any persistent, unusual, or extreme blood glucose reading should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Question 5 of 5
Which client on an acute care pediatric unit requires the nurse's immediate attention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While pain management is important following a cleft palate repair, it does not typically require immediate attention. Pain can be managed with appropriate analgesics and does not typically present an immediate risk to the patient's health. A patient refusing to ambulate following an appendectomy does not typically require immediate attention. Encouraging mobility is important for recovery, but refusal to ambulate does not present an immediate risk to the patient's health. Frequent swallowing following a tonsillectomy could indicate post-operative bleeding, which requires immediate attention. Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage can be a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention. While pain at the site of an IV infusion should be addressed, it does not typically require immediate attention unless there are signs of infection or infiltration. It does not present an immediate risk to the patient's health.