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ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Which of the following home care actions should the nurse recommend? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer: A,C,E

Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Cold compresses can help relieve joint pain associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cold therapy can reduce inflammation and numb the affected area, providing temporary relief.
Choice B rationale: This is incorrect. Ibuprofen should not be taken on an empty stomach because it can cause stomach upset or even lead to ulcers or bleeding. It is generally recommended to take ibuprofen with food or milk.
Choice C rationale: Performing range of motion exercises can help maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Regular exercise can also improve overall physical function and well-being.
Choice D rationale: While homeschooling may be a consideration for some families, it is not a general recommendation for all children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Many children with this condition can attend regular school with some accommodations as needed.
Choice E rationale: This is correct. Providing extra time for completion of activities of daily living (ADLs) can help children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis manage their symptoms and maintain their independence. It is important to allow children to perform tasks at their own pace to avoid causing unnecessary pain or fatigue.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a child who has an allergy to eggs. The nurse should know that an allergy to eggs is a contraindication for which of the following immunizations?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The Hib vaccine is used to prevent Haemophilus influenza type b, a bacteria responsible for severe pneumonia, meningitis and other invasive diseases almost exclusively in children aged less than 5 years. The Inactivated poliovirus (IPv) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The IPV vaccine is used to prevent polio, a crippling and potentially deadly infectious disease. The Hepatitis B (Hep
B) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The HepB vaccine is used to prevent hepatitis B, a viral infection that attacks the liver. The Influenza vaccine is contraindicated for people with severe egg allergies. Most flu vaccines today are produced using an egg-based manufacturing process and thus contain a small amount of egg protein called ovalbumin.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse at a pediatric hotline receives a call from a mother who plans to administer aspirin to a toddler for a fever and wants to know the dosage. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an appropriate response?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It's not advisable to follow the directions on the aspirin bottle for her age and weight. Aspirin is not recommended for use in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can affect the liver and brain. This is the correct response. Acetaminophen is a safer alternative to aspirin for managing fever in children. While it's generally a good idea to administer medication with food to prevent stomach upset, this advice does not address the specific risks associated with giving aspirin to a toddler. Giving a toddler three baby aspirin every 4 hours is not recommended due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.

Question 4 of 5

The Health Care Provider prescribes Amoxicillin at a dosage of 35mg/kg/dose for a child who weighs 34 lbs. and has Otitis Media. The medication is available in a suspension of 50 mg/ml. What is the total daily dosage in ml for this child?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Step 1 is to convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms. This is done by dividing the weight in pounds by 2.2, so 34 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 15.45 kg.
Step 2 is to calculate the dose in mg. This is done by multiplying the weight in kg by the dosage per kg, so 15.45 kg × 35 mg/kg = 540.75 mg.
Step 3 is to convert the dose in mg to ml. This is done by dividing the dose in mg by the concentration of the medication in mg/ml, so 540.75 mg ÷ 50 mg/ml = 10.815 ml. So, the total daily dosage in ml for this child is approximately 10.82 ml, rounded to the nearest hundredth as required.

Question 5 of 5

Your child will need to increase his calcium intake to 3,000 milligrams daily. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a parent of an 8-year-old child who has a fracture of the epiphyseal plate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: While it's true that bone marrow can be lost through a fracture, this is not specific to fractures of the epiphyseal plate. The healing time for fractures in children and adults can vary depending on many factors, but it's not accurate to say that fractures in children take longer to heal than fractures in adults. Normal bone growth can indeed be affected by a fracture of the epiphyseal plate. The epiphyseal plate, or growth plate, is the area of growing tissue near the ends of the long bones in children and adolescents. When a fracture occurs at the epiphyseal plate, it can disrupt the normal growth of the bone and lead to deformities. While calcium is important for bone health, increasing a child's calcium intake to 3,000 milligrams daily is not typically recommended as part of the treatment or management of a fracture.

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