ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has a fracture to the right femur. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 2+ right pedal pulse indicates a normal pulse and is not a cause for immediate concern in a child with a femur fracture. Tingling in the right foot could indicate nerve damage or compromised blood flow, which can be a serious complication of a femur fracture. This should be the nurse's priority as it could lead to long-term damage if not addressed promptly. A capillary refill time of less than 2 seconds is considered normal and is not a cause for immediate concern in a child with a femur fracture. A respiratory rate of 24/min is within the normal range for a school-age child and is not a cause for immediate concern in a child with a femur fracture.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a school-age child who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the child indicates a need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Regular blood sugar testing is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. It helps the child and their caregivers monitor the child's blood sugar levels and make necessary adjustments to their insulin doses or diet. This statement indicates a need for additional teaching. Even when sick, it's important for individuals with type 1 diabetes to continue taking their insulin. Illness often causes blood sugar levels to rise, so insulin is still needed. Rotating injection sites can help prevent skin problems, such as lipodystrophy (a lump under the skin caused by the accumulation of extra fat at the site of many subcutaneous injections of insulin).
Therefore, this is a correct practice. Physical activity can lower blood sugar levels. Eating a snack before physical activities like playing soccer can help prevent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This is a correct understanding of managing physical activity with type 1 diabetes.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While maintaining a saline-lock can be important for administering medications or fluids, it is not the priority action. The nurse's priority should be to assess the child's condition and intervene to prevent complications. A no-salt-added diet may be recommended for some children with acute glomerulonephritis to help manage fluid balance and blood pressure. However, this is not the priority action. The nurse's priority should be to assess the child's condition and intervene to prevent complications. This is the correct answer. Checking the child's weight daily is a priority action because weight changes can indicate fluid retention or loss, which can affect kidney function. Regular weight checks can help guide treatment decisions and monitor the effectiveness of interventions. Educating the parents about potential complications is important, but it is not the priority action. The nurse's priority should be to assess the child's condition and intervene to prevent complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10mg/kg PO to a preschool child for fever. The child weighs 22 lb. Available is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child weighs 22 lb, which is approximately 10 kg (since 1 kg is approximately 2.2 lb). The prescribed dose of acetaminophen is 10 mg/kg.
Step 1 is: Calculate the total dose of acetaminophen for the child. This is done by multiplying the child's weight in kg by the prescribed dose in mg/kg. 10 kg×10 mg/kg=100 mg The available acetaminophen liquid is 160 mg/5 mL.
Step 2 is: Calculate the volume of acetaminophen liquid to administer. This is done by setting up a proportion with the total dose of acetaminophen and the concentration of the available liquid. x mL100 mg=5 mL160 mg Solving for x gives: x=160 mg mg×5 mL=3.125 mL
Therefore, the nurse should administer approximately 3.125 mL of the acetaminophen liquid.
Question 5 of 5
A child has had a cast placed on his left arm following a diagnosed fracture. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Smoothing the rough edges of the cast can help maintain skin integrity and prevent skin irritation or injury.
Choice C rationale: Monitoring capillary refill and color of nail beds of the left hand is important to assess the circulation to the hand and ensure that the cast is not too tight.
Choice D rationale: Monitoring for signs of pain can help detect complications such as compartment syndrome, which is a serious condition that can occur if pressure within the muscles builds to dangerous levels.
Choice E rationale: Assessing for numbness, tingling, or decreased sensation of the left hand is important as these can be signs of nerve damage or compression.
Choice B rationale: Wearing sterile gloves when touching or removing the cast is not typically necessary. The outside of a cast is not a sterile environment, and healthcare providers do not usually wear sterile gloves when handling it.