ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A female patient recently underwent a partial gastrectomy and is now presenting with symptoms of weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals. Based on these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dumping Syndrome: Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastrectomy, where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals, are characteristic of this condition. Peptic Ulcer Disease typically presents with epigastric pain. GERD is associated with heartburn and acid regurgitation. IBS involves bloating, abdominal discomfort, and altered bowel habits.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones: Gallstones form from cholesterol and bile salts, leading to inflammation (cholecystitis). Viral infections, bile duct blockages, or tumors are not primary causes.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is used to reduce inflammation during ulcerative colitis exacerbations. Metronidazole is more for Crohn's or infections, omeprazole treats GERD or ulcers, and loperamide risks toxic megacolon.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following actions is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluate fluid and electrolyte levels: Fluid and electrolyte imbalances from diarrhea and bleeding are critical during an exacerbation, making this the priority to prevent complications like dehydration or hypovolemia.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with acute pancreatitis is being discharged from the hospital. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching regarding their discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: I can resume my high-fat diet once my symptoms improve: A high-fat diet can trigger another episode of pancreatitis, as fat stimulates pancreatic enzymes that can exacerbate the condition. The patient should follow a low-fat diet. Avoiding alcohol, taking medications as prescribed, and regular follow-ups are correct statements.