ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 55-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is admitted to the hospital and is on NPH insulin. The patient experiences symptoms of hypoglycemia. At what time after administration of NPH insulin should the nurse be most vigilant for signs of hypoglycemia due to the peak action of the insulin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-12 hours after administration, the period of highest hypoglycemia risk due to its glucose-lowering effect.
Question 2 of 5
A patient presents to the emergency room with symptoms of severe eye pain, blurred vision, and nausea. The ophthalmologist diagnoses the patient with acute narrow-angle glaucoma. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized to alleviate the patient's symptoms and prevent further complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetazolamide reduces intraocular pressure, critical in acute narrow-angle glaucoma to prevent optic nerve damage. Warm compresses, hydration, and mydriatics are inappropriate.
Question 3 of 5
A 50-year-old male patient presents with facial rounding, central obesity, and purple striae on the abdomen. Laboratory results show high levels of ACTH. What is the most likely underlying cause of his condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cushing Disease, caused by a pituitary adenoma, leads to high ACTH and cortisol, causing facial rounding, obesity, and striae.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of tingling in the fingers, muscle cramps, and fatigue. Her laboratory results show low serum calcium, low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, and elevated serum phosphate levels. Based on these lab results, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low serum calcium, low PTH, and high phosphate levels are characteristic of hypoparathyroidism, causing symptoms like tingling and muscle cramps.
Question 5 of 5
A 55-year-old female presents with symptoms of fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression. Laboratory results reveal elevated calcium levels and increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her hyperparathyroidism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, leading to elevated PTH and calcium, causing fatigue and weakness.