ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 65-year-old patient has just received a blood transfusion. Shortly after the transfusion begins, the patient complains of chills, back pain, and difficulty breathing. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction causes chills, back pain, and breathing difficulty due to immune-mediated red cell destruction, requiring immediate intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents with complaints of severe headaches, visual disturbances, and joint pain. Upon further investigation, he is diagnosed with hyperpituitarism. Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of his symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pituitary adenoma is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism, leading to hormone overproduction causing headaches, visual issues, and joint pain.
Question 3 of 5
A 55-year-old female presents with symptoms of fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression. Laboratory results reveal elevated calcium levels and increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her hyperparathyroidism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, leading to elevated PTH and calcium, causing fatigue and weakness.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old male patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Upon assessment, you note petechiae on his lower extremities, and he reports fatigue and occasional nosebleeds. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring platelet counts and signs of bleeding is critical in thrombocytopenia to prevent severe bleeding complications due to low platelet levels.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old patient has been prescribed a topical antibiotic for an ear infection. What is the correct way to administer this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tilting the head to the side and pulling the earlobe up and back is the recommended method for adults to straighten the ear canal, allowing the drops to flow directly into the ear canal and reach the site of infection effectively. This method ensures that the medication is properly administered and can work effectively to treat the infection.