ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Why must the nurse instruct a patient receiving metformin (Glucophage XL) to avoid crushing or chewing the medication?

A. The patient may chokeB. It would cause blood glucose levels to rise too rapidly.C. Irritation of the oral mucosa may occurD. The effect of the medication may be changed

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Glucophage XL is an extended-release formulation designed for slow metformin release. Crushing or chewing disrupts this, causing rapid drug release, which can increase side effects like hypoglycemia or GI distress, altering the intended effect.

Question 2 of 5

Drug therapy of tuberculosis differs from that of most other infections because:

A. Patients usually require therapy for a shorter periodB. Patients with tuberculosis have no symptomsC. Mycobacteria have a cell wall that is resistant to penetration by anti-infective drugsD. Anti-tuberculosis drugs are used extensively for treating active disease, not preventing it

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Mycobacteria have a complex, impermeable cell wall, necessitating prolonged treatment with specialized drugs. TB therapy is longer than most infections, patients often have symptoms, and drugs treat both active and latent disease.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following common habit of patients may cause microbes to repopulate and re-establish an infection?

A. The patient uses OTC drugs prophylacticallyB. The patient stops taking the drug when he or she begins to feel betterC. The patient switches to multiple drug therapy from single drug therapyD. The patient increases the drug dosage when he or she perceives that the therapeutic effect of the drug is slowing down.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Stopping antibiotics prematurely allows surviving microbes to multiply, leading to infection recurrence or resistance. Prophylactic OTC use, switching therapies, or increasing doses are less likely to directly cause repopulation if managed appropriately.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is asked why neomycin is given as a bowel prep before GI surgery. The nurse correctly replies that:

A. A reduction of intestinal bacteria lessens the possibility of postoperative infectionB. The bacteria found in the bowel cannot be destroyed after surgeryC. Abdominal surgery requires starting antibiotic therapy 4 days before surgeryD. Anesthesia makes the bowel resistant to an antibiotic after surgery

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Neomycin reduces intestinal bacterial load, lowering the risk of postoperative infections during GI surgery. Bacteria can be treated post-surgery if needed, antibiotics aren’t required 4 days prior, and anesthesia doesn’t cause antibiotic resistance.

Question 5 of 5

Mrs. Oza, age 69, has hypertension and has one functioning kidney. She loves chocolates and enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a week. Her hobby is gardening and she goes for long walks despite having arthritis. Which one of the following pieces of information is likely to have the greatest significance if she is prescribed vancomycin?

A. She enjoys an alcoholic beverage twice a weekB. She remains outdoors for long periods of timeC. She only has one functioning kidneyD. She has hypertension

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vancomycin is excreted by the kidneys, and with only one functioning kidney, Mrs. Oza risks drug accumulation and toxicity unless the dose is adjusted. Alcohol, sun exposure, and hypertension are less critical for vancomycin management.

ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz | Nurselytic

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