ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Using the label, what is the trade name of the medication? (No label provided; assuming Zestril from prior context.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lisinopril is the generic name; trade names are branded, and this doesn't fit the question's focus on the manufacturer's marketed title. Zestril is the trade name for lisinopril; it's trademarked by the manufacturer, aligning with the question's request for the branded medication name. Acetaminophen is a generic, not a trade name here; it's unrelated to Zestril's class (ACE inhibitor), making it an incorrect option. Morphine is a generic opioid; it doesn't match Zestril's antihypertensive role or trade name status, ruling it out entirely.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following patients is most at risk for liver damage after taking acetaminophen regularly for arthritis pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcohol and hepatitis C impair liver function; acetaminophen's metabolite NAPQI accumulates, causing hepatotoxicity in an already compromised organ. COPD and smoking affect lungs, not liver; acetaminophen metabolism is minimally impacted, posing lower hepatic risk compared to liver disease states. Renal disease affects drug excretion, not liver metabolism; acetaminophen's hepatic load is unchanged, making liver damage less likely here. Prostate issues involve urinary tract; liver metabolism of acetaminophen remains intact, with no heightened risk of hepatotoxicity from this condition.
Question 3 of 5
Why does the nurse administer lorazepam intramuscularly (IM) to the patient rather than into the subcutaneous tissue?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Body fat levels influence subcutaneous absorption but are not the primary reason for choosing IM over SC injection in this scenario. Needle size varies by medication and patient factors, but this is not the defining reason for selecting IM over SC injection. IM injections deliver medication directly to muscle tissue with a rich vascular supply, ensuring faster absorption and onset compared to subcutaneous administration. IM injections are not inherently safer for patients at risk of bleeding; they carry similar risks and require proper assessment before administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse has prepared the 9:00 AM client medications for administration but is called off the unit briefly. Who can distribute these medications to clients?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacy technicians are not authorized to administer medications. Their scope involves preparation and dispensing under supervision, ensuring safety and compliance. Safe practice standards dictate that the preparing nurse administers the medications to ensure accuracy and accountability, minimizing potential errors. Delegating to the head nurse violates medication administration protocols, as accountability rests with the nurse who prepared the medications. Allowing other licensed nurses to distribute medications increases the risk of errors due to lack of firsthand knowledge of preparation specifics.
Question 5 of 5
When the nurse brings pills to the patient, the patient is unable to hold the paper cup with the medications. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crushing pills can alter drug efficacy and safety, especially for medications with controlled-release properties, making this inappropriate without specific provider instructions. Requesting a liquid form accommodates the patient's physical limitations, maintaining therapeutic integrity and ensuring safe and effective medication administration. Introducing pills directly into the patient's mouth risks aspiration and violates safe administration practices, emphasizing the need for alternative methods. If the patient struggles to hold the cup, self-administration becomes impractical. Assistance through appropriate alternative forms ensures compliance and safety.