ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 25-year-old woman is visiting the prenatal clinic and shares with the nurse her desire to go 'natural' with her pregnancy. She shows the nurse a list of herbal remedies that she wants to buy so that she can 'avoid taking any drugs.' Which statement by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Herbal remedies lack FDA safety data; in pregnancy, untested substances risk fetal harm (e.g., teratogenicity), making this a critical caution. Claiming safety is false; many herbs (e.g., St. John's Wort) affect pregnancy adversely, and without evidence, this misleads the patient dangerously. Consistency isn't required; herbal products vary widely in potency, and this false assurance ignores regulatory gaps in supplement standardization. Labels help, but warnings are inconsistent; this shifts responsibility without addressing the lack of proven safety, a more pressing prenatal concern.
Question 2 of 5
The graduate nurse is aware that the count of the unit's narcotics and controlled substances at the change of shifts should involve:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Narcotics are controlled substances requiring strict accountability; two nurses—one ending and one starting the shift—verify counts to ensure accuracy and prevent diversion per regulatory standards. The head nurse and pharmacist may oversee inventory, but shift change counts involve direct caregivers for real-time accuracy, not administrative staff, ensuring immediate responsibility and oversight. Involving all nurses from both shifts is impractical and unnecessary; it dilutes accountability and increases error risk, as only two are needed to confirm the count efficiently. Pharmacy technicians lack authority over unit narcotics, and the charge nurse alone doesn't suffice; two nurses ensure a witnessed, reliable count per hospital policy and law.
Question 3 of 5
During a period of time when the computerized medication order system was down, the prescriber wrote admission orders, and the nurse is transcribing them. The nurse is having difficulty transcribing one order because of the prescriber's handwriting. Which is the best action for the nurse to take at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Waiting delays care; illegible orders risk errors, and timely clarification ensures the patient receives accurate treatment without unnecessary postponement. Direct prescriber contact resolves ambiguity; it ensures the order's intent, aligning with safety protocols to prevent misinterpretation or harm. Colleagues may guess incorrectly; peer opinion lacks authority, risking errors in dosage or drug, compromising patient safety over prescriber intent. Patient recall is unreliable; home meds may differ from admission orders, and this doesn't clarify the prescriber's handwritten instruction accurately.
Question 4 of 5
What are the concepts considered to be rights of medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Right patient ensures identity verification; errors here cause harm via misadministration, as drugs affect individuals differently based on physiology and condition. Right drug prevents wrong medication errors; each drug's pharmacokinetics targets specific issues, and mistakes disrupt therapy or cause adverse reactions. Color isn't a standard right; it's not a reliable identifier, as formulations vary, and clinical safety relies on name, dose, and route, not appearance. Right route ensures correct delivery (e.g., IV vs. oral); wrong routes alter bioavailability and onset, risking toxicity or inefficacy per drug design. Right time ensures therapeutic levels; incorrect timing disrupts pharmacokinetics, reducing efficacy or causing toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
The technique in which the practitioner alters body energy fields by passing his hands over the patient to determine where tensions exist is the practice of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Biofeedback uses devices to monitor physiological signals (e.g., heart rate); it doesn't involve hands altering energy fields, focusing on self-regulation instead. Allopathic is conventional medicine (e.g., drugs, surgery); it relies on empirical science, not energy field manipulation, differing from the described technique. Imagery involves mental visualization for relaxation; it's cognitive, not physical, and lacks the hands-on energy assessment central to the practice. Therapeutic touch uses hand passes to sense and adjust energy fields; it aims to reduce tension, aligning precisely with the described holistic method.