ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is to receive insulin Regular and insulin NPH. How will the nurse draw up the insulins for administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Separate syringes increase injection sites and patient discomfort; mixing is standard as Regular and NPH are compatible, optimizing insulin delivery efficiency and absorption. Drawing Regular (clear) before NPH (cloudy) in one syringe prevents contamination of the short-acting vial with the intermediate-acting insulin, ensuring accurate dosing and stability. Shaking insulin damages its structure; NPH requires gentle rolling to mix, while Regular needs no mixing, making vigorous shaking inappropriate for preparation. Drawing NPH first risks contaminating the Regular vial with NPH particles, altering its rapid action; the clear-to-cloudy sequence maintains insulin integrity and efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
The patient crushes extended-release pain medication tablets in order to obtain relief immediately. Which term describes the action of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dependence is physiological reliance; crushing for speed isn't dependence but alters delivery, not fitting the chronic need-based pattern of dependency. Abuse seeks euphoria or excess; crushing for relief manipulates timing, not intent, distinguishing it from recreational or harmful overuse patterns. Misuse is incorrect use; crushing extended-release voids its design, delivering a bolus dose unsafely, matching the patient's action precisely. Underuse is insufficient dosing; crushing increases immediate effect, not reducing intake, making this the opposite of the patient's medication alteration.
Question 3 of 5
When administering a medication, a nurse should check the label on the drug container against the MAR when removing the drug container from the client's medication drawer, when removing the drug from the medication container, and:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Showing the client isn't a standard check; patients don't verify MAR, and this step lacks relevance to the nurse's triple-check safety protocol. Checking before returning ensures accuracy; the third check confirms the right drug post-administration, completing the three-point verification process safely. Calling the pharmacy is unrelated; label checks occur during administration, not external consultation, making this an irrelevant timing option. Colleague checks aren't routine; the three checks are individual, and this step doesn't align with standard MAR verification timing protocols.
Question 4 of 5
What is the generic name on the medication? (No medication specified; assuming a common example from context, e.g., Zestril.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lisinopril is Zestril's generic name; an ACE inhibitor, it's widely used for hypertension, matching the context of a common medication order. Acetaminophen, a pain reliever, isn't Zestril's generic; it lacks antihypertensive action, making it irrelevant to the implied medication class. Morphine, an opioid, treats pain, not hypertension; it doesn't align with Zestril's purpose or class, ruling it out as the generic name. Fentanyl, another opioid, addresses pain, not blood pressure; it's unrelated to Zestril's therapeutic role, excluding it from consideration.
Question 5 of 5
Using the label, what is the strength of the medication? (No label; assuming Zestril from prior context.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zestril at 5 mg per tablet is common; strength is the dose per unit, and this matches typical labeling for hypertension management effectively. 10 mg is a Zestril strength but not assumed here; without label confirmation, 5 mg is the base unit from prior context, not this option. 15 mg isn't standard for Zestril tablets; it's a total dose possibility, not a per-tablet strength, mismatching typical medication packaging norms. 20 mg exists for Zestril but isn't the default; 5 mg aligns with the supplied strength in earlier questions, making it the likely label.