ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharm Quiz Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The patient with tuberculosis is now on isoniazid (INH). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: BUN, PT/PTT, and CBC aren't specific to INH. Liver enzymes are monitored due to INH's hepatotoxicity risk.
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should monitor liver enzymes (LFTs) in a patient on isoniazid (INH) due to the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with this medication. 1. Isoniazid is known to cause liver damage in some patients. 2. Monitoring liver enzymes can help detect any liver dysfunction early. 3. LFTs include tests such as ALT, AST, and bilirubin, which can indicate liver damage. 4. Regular monitoring of LFTs is essential to ensure the safe use of INH. Incorrect choices: A. BUN is not specific to INH. B. PT and PTT are not directly related to INH use. D. CBC is not specifically required for monitoring INH therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for buspirone (Buspar) to treat anxiety. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: No empty stomach requirement. Effects take weeks, not 24 hours. Low dependency risk is key. It's not for as-needed use.
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C: This medication has a low risk for dependency.
Rationale:
1. Buspirone (Buspar) is a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic with a lower risk of dependency compared to benzodiazepines.
2. Educating the client about the low dependency risk is crucial to alleviate fears and promote adherence.
3. Option A is incorrect as buspirone can be taken with or without food.
4. Option B is incorrect as the full therapeutic effects of buspirone may take several weeks to manifest, not within 24 hours.
5. Option D is incorrect as buspirone is typically taken regularly, not on an as-needed basis for anxiety.
Summary:
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Choice A is incorrect because buspirone can be taken with or without food.
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Choice B is incorrect because optimal effects of buspirone may take weeks, not 24 hours.
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Choice D is incorrect because buspirone is typically taken regularly, not on an
Question 3 of 5
What would the nurse teach a client to avoid when taking barbiturates?
Correct Answer: Nicotine and caffeine don't critically interact. Alcohol, a CNS depressant, dangerously enhances barbiturate sedation. Bananas are unrelated.
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alcohol. Barbiturates and alcohol are both central nervous system depressants, and when taken together, they can dangerously enhance sedation and respiratory depression. This can lead to overdose and even death. Nicotine (choice
A) and caffeine (choice
D) do not have critical interactions with barbiturates, so there is no specific teaching to avoid them. Bananas (choice
C) are unrelated to barbiturate use and do not pose any risk. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client on the dangers of combining barbiturates with alcohol to prevent adverse effects and ensure the client's safety.
Question 4 of 5
A client taking an MAOI should be instructed to avoid which item?
Correct Answer: Water, salt, and fat don't interact with MAOIs. Tyramine and caffeine can cause hypertensive crises with MAOIs.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foods that contain tyramine and caffeine. MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of tyramine and caffeine, leading to an accumulation in the body. Tyramine can cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. Caffeine can also contribute to this effect. Large amounts of water (
A), a high-salt diet (
B), and a high-fat diet (
C) do not interact with MAOIs in a way that poses a significant risk.
Therefore, instructing the client to avoid foods containing tyramine and caffeine is crucial to prevent potential adverse reactions.
Question 5 of 5
Class of drugs derived from barbituric acid that act as CNS depressants and are used for their sedative and anti- seizure effect are known as _
Correct Answer: Antidepressants treat mood disorders. Anxiolytics reduce anxiety but aren't barbituric-derived. Barbiturates fit the description. Benzodiazepines aren't barbituric-based.
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Barbiturates. Barbiturates are drugs derived from barbituric acid, acting as CNS depressants for sedative and anti-seizure effects. Antidepressants (
A) are used for mood disorders, not CNS depression. Anxiolytics (
B) are for anxiety and not all are barbituric-derived. Benzodiazepines (
D) are a different class of CNS depressants, not derived from barbituric acid.
Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate based on the specific description provided in the question.