ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the therapeutic effects of nitroglycerin transdermal patches prescribed to a client 6 months ago. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The statement "I am tolerating exercise without pain on a regular basis" indicates that the nitroglycerin transdermal patches are effective in managing angina. Nitroglycerin works by dilating blood vessels to increase oxygen supply to the heart, allowing the client to exercise without experiencing chest pain. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the therapeutic effects of nitroglycerin in managing angina symptoms. Blood pressure improvement, absence of anginal attacks, and reduction in headaches could be related to other factors and do not specifically indicate the effectiveness of nitroglycerin in managing angina.
Question 2 of 5
The client has been taking a medical prescription of ferrous sulfate [Feosol] for 30 days. During a follow-up assessment, the nurse will observe for which therapeutic response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased activity tolerance. Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement used to treat anemia, which leads to symptoms like fatigue and weakness. By increasing the client's iron levels, it can improve oxygen transport and energy production, resulting in increased activity tolerance. Monitoring for this therapeutic response is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the medication.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as ferrous sulfate does not directly affect blood glucose levels, low-density lipoprotein, or urinary output.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin). Which would the nurse correctly include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
B: Carrying an emergency ID is crucial as it alerts healthcare providers about warfarin use in case of emergencies.
C: Avoiding hazardous activities reduces the risk of bleeding, a common side effect of warfarin.
D: Regular follow-up and lab work are essential to monitor warfarin's effectiveness and prevent complications.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Eating large salads can affect warfarin's effectiveness due to vitamin K content.
E: Alcohol can interact with warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Summary: The correct choices focus on safety and monitoring while the incorrect choices pose risks of interactions and complications.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse will administer which of the following to a hospitalized client experiencing difficulty falling asleep for short-term management of insomnia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Zolpidem [Ambien]. Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication used for short-term management of insomnia. It acts on the GABA receptors in the brain to promote sleep. Fluoxetine (
B) is an antidepressant and not typically used for insomnia. Morphine (
C) is an opioid used for pain management, not for insomnia. Aspirin (
D) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for pain relief and inflammation, not for insomnia.
Therefore, Zolpidem is the appropriate choice for a client experiencing difficulty falling asleep.
Question 5 of 5
The client, diagnosed with coronary artery disease and a recent myocardial infarction, is being discharged. The client has a medical prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual as needed. Which nursing instruction is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct nursing instruction is D: Take 1 tablet of nitroglycerin and call 911 or go to the emergency department if chest pain is not relieved in 5 minutes, and repeat medication for a total of 3 tablets at 5-minute intervals. This instruction is correct because nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication that helps to dilate blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart and reducing chest pain. In cases of angina or myocardial infarction, it is crucial to seek emergency care if the pain is not relieved after taking the medication. The 5-minute intervals for repeating the medication are appropriate to manage the chest pain effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because swallowing nitroglycerin tablets will not provide immediate relief as sublingual administration is needed.
Choice B is incorrect as transdermal patches are not used for acute chest pain relief.
Choice C is incorrect as placing 3 tablets under the tongue is excessive and may lead to adverse effects.