ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 6 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a T-tube following gallbladder surgery. Which of the following is the most important nursing action?
Correct Answer: Monitoring T-tube drainage ensures proper biliary function and detects obstructions, which is critical post-gallbladder surgery.
Rationale:
Question 2 of 5
A patient with myasthenia gravis is admitted to the hospital with signs of a myasthenic crisis. Which of the following symptoms should the nurses expect to observe?
Correct Answer: Myasthenic crisis involves severe muscle weakness, leading to respiratory distress, dysphagia, and increased vital signs due to stress.
Rationale:
Extract:
Nurses notes
Patient is a 55-year-old with a history of hypertension managed by Lisinopril, recently completed a 3-day course of ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection prescribed one week ago. Patient reports persistent thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and confusion over the past several days.
Assessment findings
• Respirations: Deep and labored (Kussmaul's respirations noted)
• Mental status: Altered, appears confused and lethargic
• Skin: Dry, warm to touch
• Mucous membranes: Dry
Vital signs
• Temperature: 99.0 °F (37.2 °C)
• Heart Rate: 118 bpm (tachycardia)
• Respiratory Rate: 28 breaths per minute
• Blood Pressure: 102/68 mmHg
• Oxygen Saturation: 96% on room air
Laboratory Results
• Serum Glucose: 800 mg/dL (reference range: 74-106 mg/dL)
• Serum Osmolality: 400 mOsm/kg (reference range: 285-295 mOsm/kg)
• Serum Ketones: Negative
• Arterial Blood Gas (ABG): pH 7.35 (normal range: 7.35-7.45)
• Bicarbonate (HCO3): 24 mEq/L (reference range: 22-26 mEq/L)
• Anion Gap: Normal
Provider Prescriptions
At-home prescriptions
Lisinopril 20 mg once daily by mouth for hypertension
1 week ago
Ciprofloxacin extended release 500 mg once daily by mouth for 3 days
Today
0.9% sodium chloride IV infusion at 200 mL/hr
Today, 0745;
Serum glucose 800 mg/dL (74 to 106 mg/dL)
Serum osmolality 400 mOsm/kg (285 to 295 mOsm/kg)
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client in the emergency department 1 week after an appointment with the medical provider.
| Options | Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) | Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) |
|---|---|---|
| Polyuria/polydipsia | ||
| Heart rate | ||
| Respirations | ||
| Mental status | ||
| Serum glucose greater than 600mg/dl. Serum osmolality greater than 320 mOsm/kg | ||
| Insidious onset (days to weeks) | ||
| A,B,C,D,E,F,G |
Correct Answer: Polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, Kussmaul's respirations, altered mental status, high glucose/osmolality, insidious onset, and infection are consistent with both DKA and HHS, with Kussmaul's more specific to DKA and insidious onset to HHS.
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Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of decrease?
Correct Answer: Injury to renal tubular cells in acute tubular necrosis impairs their function, reducing the kidney's ability to filter blood, thus decreasing the glomerular filtration rate.
Rationale:
Question 5 of 5
Mr. Roberts, a 65-year-old male. presents to the emergency department with sudden onset of severe pain in his right eye. blurred vision, seeing halos around lights, nausea, and vomiting. His right eye is red the cornea appears cloudy, and his intraocular pressure is elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: Acute angle-closure glaucoma presents with severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos, nausea, and elevated intraocular pressure.
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