ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic with a beta-lactam ring similar to penicillins, posing a risk of cross-reactivity in penicillin-allergic patients. Checking for penicillin allergy is critical. Yeast, macrolides, and sulfonamides have different structures and no significant cross-reactivity with cephalosporins.
Question 2 of 5
Which term is used to describe the stain of bacteria?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gram-positive describes bacteria retaining crystal violet in Gram staining, indicating cell wall structure. Aerobic refers to oxygen needs, cocci to shape, and Bacillus to a genus, not staining.
Question 3 of 5
Acquired resistance is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acquired resistance occurs when microbes develop mechanisms to evade antibiotics after exposure, rendering drugs ineffective. The other options describe antibiotics, pathogenicity, or virulence, not resistance.
Question 4 of 5
Drug therapy of tuberculosis differs from that of most other infections because:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mycobacteria have a complex, impermeable cell wall, necessitating prolonged treatment with specialized drugs. TB therapy is longer than most infections, patients often have symptoms, and drugs treat both active and latent disease.
Question 5 of 5
Before starting antimicrobial therapy, the nurse assesses a patient for possible drug allergy. Which of the following complaints should alert the nurse to a drug allergy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hives and shortness of breath are classic signs of an allergic reaction, indicating immediate hypersensitivity or potentially anaphylaxis, requiring caution before administering antimicrobials. Diarrhea, headaches, and nausea are common side effects of antibiotics but not specific indicators of allergy.