ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An 18-year-old patient with a known history of sickle cell anemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in the lower back and joints, fever, and signs of dehydration. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV fluids and pain management address dehydration and severe pain in sickle cell crisis, stabilizing the patient and reducing vaso-occlusion.
Question 2 of 5
A 65-year-old patient has just received a blood transfusion. Shortly after the transfusion begins, the patient complains of chills, back pain, and difficulty breathing. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction causes chills, back pain, and breathing difficulty due to immune-mediated red cell destruction, requiring immediate intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the ICU with myxedema coma. Which of the following interventions is the priority for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV levothyroxine is critical to rapidly correct severe hypothyroidism in myxedema coma, addressing life-threatening symptoms like hypothermia and bradycardia.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is admitted to the hospital and is on NPH insulin. The patient experiences symptoms of hypoglycemia. At what time after administration of NPH insulin should the nurse be most vigilant for signs of hypoglycemia due to the peak action of the insulin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks 4-12 hours after administration, the period of highest hypoglycemia risk due to its glucose-lowering effect.
Question 5 of 5
An 18-year-old patient with a known history of sickle cell anemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in the lower back and joints, fever, and signs of dehydration. What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV fluids and pain management address dehydration and severe pain in sickle cell crisis, stabilizing the patient and reducing vaso-occlusion.