ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antacid. Tetracycline can bind with divalent and trivalent cations, reducing its absorption. Antacids containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or iron can chelate with tetracycline, reducing its effectiveness.
Therefore, it is important to space the administration of tetracycline and antacids at least 2-3 hours apart to prevent this interaction. Hydrochlorothiazide (choice
A), acetaminophen (choice
C), and lovastatin (choice
D) do not interact significantly with tetracycline in this manner, so they do not need to be spaced apart.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should review which of the following baseline laboratory values prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Valproic acid is known to cause hepatotoxicity, so it is crucial to assess the client's baseline liver function before administering the medication to monitor for any potential liver damage. Arterial blood gases (
A) are not directly related to valproic acid therapy. Troponin levels (
C) are used to assess for cardiac muscle damage, which is not a common side effect of valproic acid. Blood glucose levels (
D) are not directly impacted by valproic acid.
Therefore, baseline liver function tests are the most important laboratory value to review before administering valproic acid.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risperidone. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It helps to manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Levodopa (
A) is used in Parkinson's disease, Baclofen (
B) is a muscle relaxant, and Fenofibrate (
C) is used to lower cholesterol.
Therefore, they are not indicated for schizophrenia. Risperidone is the most appropriate choice for managing the symptoms of schizophrenia in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adult client who is receiving albuterol inhalation treatments. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: The correct answer is A, D, and E. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that can cause side effects like shakiness, tachycardia (fast heart rate), and palpitations due to its stimulant effect on the heart and nervous system. Monitoring for these adverse effects is crucial to ensure the client's safety. Fatigue (choice
B) and tinnitus (choice
C) are not typically associated with albuterol inhalation treatments and would not be expected side effects.
Therefore, choices B and C are incorrect in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain 0.9% sodium chloride solution for IV infusion. This is the correct action because it is important to prime the IV tubing with a normal saline solution before starting the transfusion to prevent hemolysis of the packed RBCs. Normal saline is isotonic and compatible with most blood products, reducing the risk of adverse reactions.
Choice A is incorrect because packed RBCs should be transfused within 4 hours, not 6 hours.
Choice C is incorrect because filterless IV tubing should not be used for blood transfusions as it can lead to the administration of clots or debris.
Choice D is incorrect because the nurse should remain at the client's bedside for the first 15 minutes of the transfusion, not 5 minutes, to monitor for any immediate adverse reactions.