ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has chronic stable angina and a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is meant to be absorbed under the tongue, and water is not necessary. The client should take up to three doses 5 minutes apart and seek emergency medical attention if pain persists. The maximum number of tablets that should be taken in 15 minutes is 3 and not 4 since this could cause severe hypotension and headache. Nitroglycerin tablets are meant to be dissolved under the tongue, not chewed or swallowed. Sublingual nitroglycerin is used to prevent angina attacks by dilating the coronary arteries and increasing blood flow to the heart. The client should take one tablet for 5 to 10 minutes before engaging in an activity that might trigger angina, such as exercise, stress, or cold exposure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about monitoring morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Only the client should operate the PCA pump to ensure self-administration within prescribed limits. Pain assessment should be more frequent, and the client's pain level should be assessed as needed, not on a fixed schedule. Morphine PCA allows the client to self-administer a predetermined dose, minimizing the risk of overdose or toxicity. Constipation, not diarrhea, is a common adverse effect of opioid medications, including morphine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following over-the-counter medications is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This medication is a stool softener and is not contraindicated for hypertension. This medication is an expectorant and is not contraindicated for hypertension. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can increase blood pressure and is contraindicated for clients with hypertension. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is not contraindicated for hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine 1 hr ago after developing an allergic reaction to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Headache relief may not be a direct indication of the effectiveness of diphenhydramine for an allergic reaction. Improvement in symptoms related to the allergic reaction, such as hoarseness, suggests the effectiveness of diphenhydramine. Changes in appetite are not typically related to the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine. Alertness is not a specific indicator of the antihistamine effects of diphenhydramine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anorexia is not typically associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal. Hypotension is not a common withdrawal symptom of diazepam. Drowsiness is more likely a side effect of benzodiazepine use rather than withdrawal. Tremors are a common manifestation of benzodiazepine withdrawal.