ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Montelukast is not associated with an increase in white blood cell count. Montelukast primarily acts as a leukotriene receptor antagonist, targeting inflammation in the airways, and does not affect peripheral vasodilation. Montelukast is not used for gastric acid neutralization; it is indicated for the treatment of respiratory conditions like asthma. Montelukast is known for its anti-inflammatory effects on the airways, reducing bronchial inflammation and improving symptoms in conditions like asthma.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking oral prednisone for long-term management of chronic asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rinsing the mouth out after each dose is necessary for inhaled corticosteroids, not oral ones, to prevent oral thrush and other infections. Prednisone is typically taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can cause bone loss and osteoporosis when used for long-term management of chronic asthma.
Therefore, the client should take a calcium supplement to prevent or reduce the risk of these complications. Weight gain, rather than weight loss, is a common side effect of prednisone use.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should expect sedation as a finding in a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone, as this medication can cause respiratory depression, drowsiness, and coma in high doses. Opioid overdose typically leads to bradycardia, not tachycardia. Opioid overdose can cause miosis (constricted pupils), not dilated pupils. Opioid overdose can result in respiratory depression, leading to bradypnea rather than tachypnea.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking aspirin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Headache - Headache is a common side effect of aspirin and is not typically a cause for concern. BP 120/70 mm Hg - This blood pressure reading is within the normal range and is not a cause for concern related to aspirin. Hct 43% - Elevated hematocrit is not an adverse effect of aspirin. Rhinitis is a sign of hypersensitivity to aspirin and can indicate a risk of developing more severe reactions, such as bronchospasm or anaphylaxis. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and stop the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client should take up to three doses 5 minutes apart and seek emergency medical attention if pain persists. Nitroglycerin works quickly, and the client should feel relief within a few minutes. Nitroglycerin is taken sublingually and should not be taken with food. Nitroglycerin primarily dilates blood vessels and may cause a transient drop in blood pressure but is not known for slowing the heart rate.