ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. The nurse should expect to administer which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Budesonide is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term control of asthma and is not typically used for acute attacks. Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used for the prevention of asthma symptoms and is not a rescue medication for acute attacks. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used for maintenance treatment of bronchospasms and is not typically used for acute attacks. Levalbuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator and is commonly used as a rescue medication for acute asthma attacks.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure and a prescription for a repeat dose of furosemide 40 mg orally. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While important, reviewing electrolyte levels takes priority, especially considering furosemide's potential impact on electrolyte balance. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia, so it is crucial to review electrolyte levels before administering another dose. Before administering the medication, reviewing electrolyte levels is essential to avoid potential complications. Monitoring urinary output is important, but reviewing electrolyte levels is more crucial in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should expect sedation as a finding in a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone, as this medication can cause respiratory depression, drowsiness, and coma in high doses. Opioid overdose typically leads to bradycardia, not tachycardia. Opioid overdose can cause miosis (constricted pupils), not dilated pupils. Opioid overdose can result in respiratory depression, leading to bradypnea rather than tachypnea.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client should take up to three doses 5 minutes apart and seek emergency medical attention if pain persists. Nitroglycerin works quickly, and the client should feel relief within a few minutes. Nitroglycerin is taken sublingually and should not be taken with food. Nitroglycerin primarily dilates blood vessels and may cause a transient drop in blood pressure but is not known for slowing the heart rate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client following his first dose of captopril. The client's blood pressure is 88/60 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first action is to place the client in a supine position. The client might experience a first-dose phenomenon, which is a sudden and severe drop in blood pressure within 1 to 3 hours of taking the medication. The nurse should place the client in a supine position to prevent orthostatic hypotension and syncope. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. This should be done after placing the client in a supine position to assess for postural changes. The nurse should not administer a saline bolus unless prescribed by the provider, as this could cause fluid overload and worsen heart failure.