ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Concept 2 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a duodenal ulcer and a new prescription for sucralfate. The client asks the nurse how sucralfate works. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over the ulcer site. It adheres to the ulcer, shielding it from the harmful effects of gastric acid, pepsin, and bile salts. This protection allows the ulcer to heal by preventing further irritation and damage.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Identify the sequence the client should follow.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A. Shake the canister to ensure proper mixing. B. Create a tight seal around the mouthpiece. C. Inhale slowly while pressing the canister. D. Hold breath for 10 seconds for better absorption. E. Exhale slowly through pursed lips.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted to a respiratory unit with a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia. Findings include a fever and a weak, congested-sounding cough with moist crackles throughout the lung fields. How should the nurse prioritize care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The inability to clear the airway is a critical issue. This patient has a weak, congested-sounding cough and moist crackles, indicating that secretions are present and not being effectively cleared. This can lead to airway obstruction, decreased oxygenation, and further respiratory complications. Clearing the airway is a top priority to ensure the patient can breathe properly and prevent further deterioration.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing care for a patient admitted for a lower respiratory infection. On admission, the patient's vital signs were blood pressure (BP) 140/80 mm Hg. apical pulse (AP) 112 beats/minute, respirations (R) 32 breaths/minute, and pain level of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. After assisting the patient to bed and applying the prescribed oxygen, which finding helps the nurse evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A decrease in the respiratory rate from 32 breaths/minute to 20 breaths/minute indicates improved respiratory status and effectiveness of nursing care.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including ibuprofen, are known to increase the risk of peptic ulcer formation by disrupting the protective mucosal barrier of the stomach and duodenum.