ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should review which of the following baseline laboratory values prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Valproic acid is known to cause hepatotoxicity, so it is crucial to assess the client's baseline liver function before administering the medication to monitor for any potential liver damage. Arterial blood gases (
A) are not directly related to valproic acid therapy. Troponin levels (
C) are used to assess for cardiac muscle damage, which is not a common side effect of valproic acid. Blood glucose levels (
D) are not directly impacted by valproic acid.
Therefore, baseline liver function tests are the most important laboratory value to review before administering valproic acid.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking sumatriptan. Which of the following reports indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absence of headache. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines. A therapeutic response would be the absence of headache, as this indicates that the medication is effectively managing the migraine symptoms. Increased bone mass (
A) is unrelated to sumatriptan. Relief of chest pain (
B) is not a common indication of sumatriptan. Improved mood (
C) is not a direct effect of sumatriptan.
Therefore, the absence of headache (
D) is the most relevant and expected therapeutic response to sumatriptan.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Antacid. Tetracycline can bind with divalent and trivalent cations, reducing its absorption. Antacids containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or iron can chelate with tetracycline, reducing its effectiveness.
Therefore, it is important to space the administration of tetracycline and antacids at least 2-3 hours apart to prevent this interaction. Hydrochlorothiazide (choice
A), acetaminophen (choice
C), and lovastatin (choice
D) do not interact significantly with tetracycline in this manner, so they do not need to be spaced apart.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a new prescription for ear drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pull the pinna up and back to administer medication. This technique helps straighten the ear canal for proper administration of the drops. Pulling the pinna up and back in adults helps to open the ear canal and ensure the drops reach the eardrum effectively.
Choice A is incorrect as chilling ear drops can cause discomfort.
Choice B is incorrect as pressing a cotton ball can prevent the drops from reaching the eardrum.
Choice D is incorrect as placing an applicator into the ear canal can cause injury.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Misoprostol will help prevent stomach ulcers, which can develop from taking NSAIDs for a long time. Misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to protect the stomach lining and prevent the development of ulcers. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers, so misoprostol helps counteract this side effect.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is not used to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid. It specifically targets stomach ulcers related to NSAID use.