ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid. The nurse should review which of the following baseline laboratory values prior to administering the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Valproic acid is known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity, so it is essential to assess baseline liver function tests before administering the medication. Monitoring liver function tests can help identify any pre-existing liver conditions and prevent further liver damage. Arterial blood gases (
A) are not directly related to valproic acid administration. Troponin levels (
C) are used to assess heart muscle damage, which is not a concern with valproic acid. Blood glucose levels (
D) are not specifically relevant to valproic acid therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This is because prednisone can suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sore throat. Reporting any signs of infection promptly is crucial.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone can cause sodium retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended.
Choice C is incorrect as prednisone is usually taken with food to minimize stomach irritation.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is more common with prednisone due to fluid retention.
Extract:
Nurses Notes 0830: Walk-in clinic visit for adolescent client who is accompanied by their guardian. The guardian states, 'My child has a partner, and I want to be sure that they have some birth control before becoming sexually active': The client states, 'I want to be sure I don't get pregnant or get an STI.' 0915: Witnessed consent signed by client and guardian. Assisted provider with placement of intrauterine device (IUD). Client tolerated procedure well. Provider Prescriptions 0930: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, administer first dose today IM
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following client statements indicate that the nurse's reinforced teaching about the immunization was effective? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D, F, G
Rationale: The correct answers are D, F, and G. This indicates effective teaching because client D shows understanding of the need for a follow-up shot. Client F understands the preventive benefits against cancer. Client G recognizes the importance of their partner also getting the shot. Other choices are incorrect because client A confuses immunity with immunization timing, B and C show misunderstandings about the shot's purpose, and E is inaccurate about the frequency of booster shots.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 98/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 180/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air, Weight 90 kg (198 lb); 2 months later: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 48/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 140/76 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 97% on room air, Weight 91 kg (200 lb)
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the client's response to the medication. The client's ___________ and ____________ indicate the client's condition is improving.
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Heart rate and E, Blood Pressure. Monitoring heart rate and blood pressure are vital signs that reflect the overall cardiovascular function and response to medication. An improvement in heart rate and blood pressure indicates better circulation and cardiac output, suggesting the client's condition is improving. The other choices (A, C,
D) do not directly reflect the client's cardiovascular status and are not appropriate indicators of medication response. Weight (
D) can fluctuate for various reasons, and HDL level (
A) and Potassium level (
C) are important but specific to different aspects of health. Thus, heart rate and blood pressure are the most relevant indicators in this context.
Extract:
History and Physical 2 weeks ago: Client is in the office for evaluation of acne vulgaris. Past medical history significant for worsening acne vulgaris, unresponsive to previous treatments. Client has been taking a combined oral contraceptive as directed for the past year. Comedones and cystic lesions on face, chest, and back. Acne scarring present on cheeks bilaterally and upper back. Liver function tests (LFTs), fasting lipid panel, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hG) ordered today. Plan to follow up In 2 weeks for review of laboratory results and medication initiation.
Question 5 of 5
Select the 2 educational topics the nurse should prioritize when reinforcing education to the client about the prescribed medication.
Correct Answer: B, D
Rationale: The correct answers are B and D. The nurse should prioritize educating the client on birth control and manifestations of depression. Birth control is crucial to prevent unintended pregnancies while on medication. Depression monitoring is essential due to potential side effects.
Choices A, C, and E are less critical in the context of medication education. Vitamin A supplementation, skin dryness, and sunscreen application are important but not as immediate as birth control and depression monitoring in this case.