ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachypnea is a common sign of pneumonia, reflecting the body's attempt to improve oxygenation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dry mouth is a common adverse effect of many antihistamines. This occurs due to their anticholinergic effects, which decrease saliva production.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is gathering data on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should review the results of which diagnostic test to confirm this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A sputum culture is the definitive diagnostic test for tuberculosis, confirming the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: A: Renal failure reduces vitamin D activation, lowering calcium absorption. B: Thyroidectomy can damage parathyroids, affecting calcium regulation. D: Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption. E: Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption, potentially lowering calcium levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include: pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L. Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and high PaCO2. The client's pH is 7.22 (acidic) and PaCO2 is 68 mm Hg (elevated), consistent with respiratory acidosis.