ATI LPN
ATI NS122 Pediatrics Monroe College NY PN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Firmly attached white particles on the hair: Firmly attached white particles on the hair are characteristic of nits, which are the eggs of lice. While this finding supports the diagnosis of pediculosis capitis, it is not a definitive indication on its own. Itching and scratching of the head: Itching and scratching of the head are common symptoms of pediculosis capitis. However, they are also common symptoms of various other scalp conditions, so they are not definitive indications. Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base: This description is more characteristic of impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, rather than pediculosis capitis. Impetigo typically presents with yellow-crusted lesions on a red base, but it does not involve lice infestation. Patchy areas of hair loss: Patchy areas of hair loss are not typically associated with pediculosis capitis. This finding is more suggestive of conditions like alopecia areata or fungal infections.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial-thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain management is critical for burn care, especially before activities like physical therapy that can be painful. Administering pain medication 30 minutes before therapy helps ensure the child is more comfortable and able to participate effectively in rehabilitation. This is a recommended intervention. While involving the child in decisions about their care can promote autonomy and improve adherence, the schedule for burn care and therapy should be based on medical needs and healing processes rather than the child's preference. Care schedules should be designed to optimize healing and manage pain effectively. Burn patients typically have increased nutritional needs due to the high metabolic demands of healing. High-calorie, protein-rich snacks are usually recommended to support wound healing and overall recovery, rather than low-calorie options. Maintain medical asepsis during dressing changes: For burn care, maintaining sterile technique is critical to prevent infection. Medical asepsis is generally not sufficient; sterile technique is required for dressing changes to reduce the risk of infection.
Question 3 of 5
An infant with hydrocele is seen in the clinic for a follow-up visit at 1 month of age. The scrotum is smaller than it was at birth, but fluid is still visible on illumination. Which of the following actions is the physician likely to recommend?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: No treatment is necessary, the fluid is reabsorbing normally: - This option suggests that the hydrocele is resolving spontaneously, which is often the case in infants. The physician may choose to observe the hydrocele over time as it is likely to resolve without intervention. Keeping the infant in a flat, supine position until the fluid is gone: - This option does not address the underlying cause of the hydrocele and is not a standard treatment recommendation. Additionally, positioning changes are unlikely to affect the resolution of the hydrocele. Referral to a surgeon for repair: - Surgical repair may be considered if the hydrocele persists beyond a certain age or if it causes discomfort or complications. However, it is typically not recommended in infants unless the hydrocele persists beyond infancy or causes other issues. Massaging the groin area twice a day until the fluid is gone: - Massaging the groin area is not a recommended treatment for hydrocele and may not be effective in resolving the condition. Additionally, manipulating the scrotum may cause discomfort or injury to the infant.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maintain seizure precautions: While seizures can occur as a complication of bacterial meningitis, maintaining seizure precautions is not the nurse's priority at this stage. Prompt administration of antibiotics to address the underlying infection takes precedence over seizure precautions. Document intake and output: Documenting intake and output is an important nursing responsibility, but it is not the priority when a child is suspected of having bacterial meningitis. The immediate priority is to initiate antibiotic therapy to treat the infection and prevent further complications. Administer antibiotics when available: Administering antibiotics is the priority in the care of a child with suspected bacterial meningitis. Antibiotics are crucial for treating the infection and preventing its progression to reduce the risk of serious complications such as brain damage or death. Reduce environmental stimuli: While reducing environmental stimuli can help manage symptoms and discomfort in a child with bacterial meningitis, it is not the priority at this time. Initiating antibiotic therapy is essential to address the underlying infection, which takes precedence over environmental stimuli reduction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has celiac disease. The nurse should include which of the following as an acceptable food choice for this child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Barley: Barley is a grain that contains gluten. Foods made from barley, such as barley flour or barley-based products like bread, cereal, or beer, should be avoided by individuals with celiac disease because gluten can trigger an immune response that damages the small intestine. Rye: Similar to barley, rye is another grain that contains gluten. Foods made from rye, such as rye bread or rye-based cereals, should also be avoided by individuals with celiac disease because they can trigger adverse reactions due to gluten. Rice: Rice is a gluten-free grain and is safe for individuals with celiac disease to consume. It does not contain gluten proteins that can cause intestinal damage or trigger immune responses in those with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. Wheat: Wheat is a major source of gluten and should be strictly avoided by individuals with celiac disease. Foods made from wheat, such as wheat bread, pasta, or baked goods, can lead to symptoms and intestinal damage in individuals with gluten intolerance or celiac disease.