ATI LPN
ATI NS122 Pediatrics Monroe College NY PN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orange-tinged urine - This manifestation is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Orange-tinged urine may indicate other conditions such as dehydration, liver disease, or the presence of certain medications or foods. Hypertension - Hypertension is not a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. However, it can occur in some cases due to the retention of sodium and water, which can lead to fluid overload and increased blood pressure. Periorbital edema - This is a classic manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. Periorbital edema, or swelling around the eyes, is often one of the initial signs observed in children with nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of protein in the urine, leading to fluid accumulation in the tissues. Polyuria - Polyuria, or increased urine output, is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Instead, children with nephrotic syndrome may experience oliguria or normal urine output, depending on the severity of renal involvement and fluid balance.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has partial-thickness and full-thickness burns to his upper torso and face. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Place new linen on the client's bed every other day: While changing linen regularly is important for maintaining cleanliness and preventing infection, waiting every other day may not be sufficient for a client with burns, especially if there is wound drainage or soiling. Linens should be changed more frequently, ideally daily or as needed, to ensure cleanliness and prevent the spread of infection. Change gloves between sites when providing wound care to multiple wounds: This is a correct action. Changing gloves between sites when providing wound care helps prevent the spread of infection from one wound to another. It reduces the risk of cross-contamination and helps maintain a sterile environment during wound care procedures. Change the dressing on infected wounds first: This is incorrect. Dressings on infected wounds should be changed promptly to prevent the spread of infection. However, changing the dressing on infected wounds first may lead to contamination of other wound sites if proper precautions are not taken. It's important to follow proper infection control procedures, including changing gloves between wound sites and using aseptic technique. Monitor vital signs every 4 hr: Monitoring vital signs is important for assessing the client's overall condition, but it is not directly related to preventing infection. Vital signs may indicate signs of infection, such as fever or increased heart rate, but they do not prevent infection on their own. Other measures, such as wound care and infection control practices, are more directly related to preventing infection in clients with burns.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about lice with the parents of a school-age child at a well-child visit. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lice do not survive away from the host.' - This statement is incorrect. Lice can survive away from the host (human scalp) for a limited period, usually up to 1-2 days. They may be found on items such as bedding, clothing, hats, or hair accessories.
Therefore, proper cleaning and disinfection of these items are essential to prevent the spread of lice. 'Washing your child's hair daily will prevent lice.' - This statement is incorrect. While maintaining good hygiene is important, washing hair daily does not necessarily prevent lice infestation. Lice infestations occur through direct head-to-head contact with an infested person, not due to uncleanliness. Additionally, lice are more commonly found in clean hair rather than dirty hair. 'Encourage your child to avoid sharing hats with other children.' - This statement is correct. Sharing personal items such as hats, scarves, brushes, or hair accessories can facilitate the spread of lice from one person to another.
Therefore, it's important to advise children not to share these items to reduce the risk of lice transmission. 'Lice can jump from one child to another.' - This statement is incorrect. Lice do not have the ability to jump or fly. They spread through direct contact with the hair or scalp of an infested person. However, they can crawl quickly from one person to another, especially when there is close contact, such as during play or when sharing personal items.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has contact dermatitis of the neck and upper chest. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reports of exposure to a skin irritant: This finding is consistent with contact dermatitis, as it typically occurs due to exposure to irritants or allergens.
Therefore, it is an expected finding. Elevated temperature: Elevated temperature is not typically associated with contact dermatitis unless there is a secondary infection. It is not a typical finding in uncomplicated contact dermatitis. Denial of pruritus: Pruritus, or itching, is a common symptom of contact dermatitis. Clients with contact dermatitis often experience itching or discomfort in the affected area.
Therefore, denial of pruritus would be an unexpected finding. Reports of joint discomfort: Joint discomfort is not typically associated with contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis primarily affects the skin and does not usually involve the joints.
Therefore, reports of joint discomfort would be an unexpected finding.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure and vomiting. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Move the child into a side-lying position: This action is crucial during a seizure with vomiting to prevent aspiration. Placing the child on their side helps ensure that any vomit can easily exit the mouth and reduces the risk of choking or aspiration into the lungs. Place a pillow under the child's head: While providing comfort is important, it is not the priority during a seizure with vomiting. Placing a pillow under the child's head might elevate the head slightly, but it doesn't address the risk of aspiration, which is the primary concern. Time the seizure: Timing the seizure is important for documentation and to monitor the duration of the seizure. However, it is not the priority during the active phase of the seizure, especially when vomiting is occurring. Remove the child's eyeglasses: Removing the child's eyeglasses is not a priority during a seizure with vomiting. While it's important to prevent injury, particularly to the eyes, during a seizure, the immediate concern is addressing the risk of aspiration caused by vomiting.