ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has tinea pedis. The child's parent asks the nurse what this infection is commonly called. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash and is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Tinea pedis is a foot infection due to a dermatophyte fungus. It is the most common dermatophyte infection and is particularly prevalent in hot, tropical, urban environments. Interdigital involvement is most commonly seen (this presentation is also known as athlete's foot, although some people use the term for any kind of tinea pedis). Fever blister, also known as cold sores, are caused by the herpes simplex virus. They are small, fluid-filled blisters that develop on the lips or around the mouth. Pinworms are a type of parasite that lives in the lower intestine of humans. They are tiny, narrow worms. They are white and less than a half-inch long.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about manifestations of hypoglycemia with an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rapid respirations are not typically a manifestation of hypoglycemia. They are more commonly associated with conditions that cause metabolic acidosis, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. Diminished reflexes are not a typical manifestation of hypoglycemia. They may be seen in conditions affecting the nervous system. Acetone breath is not a manifestation of hypoglycemia. It is a sign of ketoacidosis, which is a complication of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. Diaphoresis, or sweating, is a common symptom of hypoglycemia. The body produces sweat as part of the sympathetic nervous system's response to hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler whose parent states that the child has a mass in his abdominal area and his urine is a pink color. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schedule the child for an abdominal ultrasound. While an ultrasound may be necessary for further diagnosis, it is not the immediate priority. The child's symptoms suggest a possible Wilms' tumor, a type of kidney cancer that primarily affects children. An ultrasound can help confirm this diagnosis, but it should not be the first action. Instruct the parent to avoid pressing on the abdominal area. This is the correct answer. If the child has a Wilms' tumor, pressing on the abdominal area could potentially cause the cancer to spread.
Therefore, it is crucial to avoid any unnecessary pressure on the abdomen until further medical evaluation can be performed. Determine if the child is having pain. While assessing for pain is an important part of nursing care, it is not the immediate priority in this situation. The child's symptoms need urgent medical attention, and assessing for pain will not provide the necessary information to guide immediate care. Obtain a urine specimen for a urinalysis. Although a urinalysis can provide valuable information about a patient's health, it is not the immediate priority in this situation. The child's symptoms suggest a possible Wilms' tumor, which requires immediate medical attention. A urinalysis may be part of the diagnostic process, but it should not be the first action taken.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse at a pediatrician's office answers a phone call from a parent whose child just ingested 15 vitamin tablets with added ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the parent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering syrup of ipecac is not recommended in cases of iron overdose. Ipecac was once used to induce vomiting in cases of poisoning, but it is no longer recommended due to potential complications and lack of evidence for effectiveness. Giving the child orange juice will not help in this situation. While vitamin C can enhance iron absorption, it does not have an effect on iron that has already been absorbed into the body. Contacting the poison control center is the appropriate action. They can provide immediate advice on what to do in cases of potential iron overdose. Providing a high-carbohydrate snack will not help in this situation. It will not affect the absorption or toxicity of the iron.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has intussusception. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucus and blood in stools, often described as 'currant jelly' stools, are a common symptom of intussusception. Increased appetite is not typically associated with intussusception. In fact, children with this condition may experience decreased appetite due to abdominal pain. Jaundice is not a symptom of intussusception. Jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes, is more commonly associated with liver conditions. Drooling is not a typical symptom of intussusception. Symptoms of intussusception are primarily gastrointestinal, including abdominal pain and bloody stools.