ATI LPN
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dysphagia following a stroke. When assisting the client at mealtime, which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oral care before meals removes debris and reduces aspiration risk in dysphagia. Tilting back worsens swallowing, straws may not be safe, and therapy timing isn't relevant.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following the placement of a colostomy. Which of the following findings indicates the colostomy is functioning properly?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Passing flatus indicates the colostomy is functioning by expelling gas, a normal postoperative sign. Pink stoma and diet tolerance are positive but not definitive, and absent sounds suggest ileus.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes Day 1: Client brought to the emergency department (ED) following a fall that occurred while downhill skiing. Client states they fell when turning to avoid hitting another skier. Client reports feeling a severe, sudden pain of right leg upon falling. Right leg was immobilized at the scene and client transported to the ED.
Client states they were wearing a helmet while skiing. Client reports no headache or loss of consciousness.
Client reports pain as 10 on a scale of 0 to 10 to the right lower leg just below the knee and is unable to bear weight.
Right proximal tibia ecchymotic and swollen below the knee. Area is painful to touch. Open area noted on skin with bone visible. Right knee appears displaced. Left pedal pulses 3+, foot warm with intact movement and sensation. Right pedal pulses 1+, foot cool to palpation with minimal movement and reduced sensation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is collecting data on the client. Which of the following findings require follow up? (Ski accident client)
Correct Answer: A,C,F,G
Rationale: Right leg swelling, weak pulses, pain, and X-ray (fracture) indicate urgent issues like compartment syndrome.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse recognize as an indication of a septic reaction to the blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting is a sign of a septic reaction due to contaminated blood; distended veins suggest fluid overload, polyuria isn't typical, and hypertension isn't specific.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Post-transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), teaching focuses on healing and preventing complications like bleeding or infection. Waiting 6 weeks before resuming sexual intercourse allows the prostatic fossa to heal, reducing risks of hemorrhage or irritation, a standard guideline post-TURP. Ibuprofen, an NSAID, increases bleeding risk by inhibiting platelet function, contraindicated with fresh surgical sites. Tub bathing with a catheter risks introducing bacteria into the urinary tract, so showers are preferred until removal. Driving after 1 week may be premature recovery varies, and catheter presence or pain could impair safety; typically, 2-4 weeks is advised. The 6-week sexual abstinence instruction aligns with urologic care protocols, promotes safe recovery, and addresses a common patient concern, making it the most appropriate teaching point to ensure long-term outcomes and minimize rehospitalization.