ATI LPN
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following the placement of a colostomy. Which of the following findings indicates the colostomy is functioning properly?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Passing flatus indicates the colostomy is functioning by expelling gas, a normal postoperative sign. Pink stoma and diet tolerance are positive but not definitive, and absent sounds suggest ileus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent bolus enteral feedings through a jejunostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head for 1 hour prevents aspiration, essential for jejunostomy feeding safety. Cold solutions, rotation, and large flushes are not recommended.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who wants to lose 0.9 kg (2 lb) of body fat per week. The nurse knows that 0.45 kg (1 lb) of body fat is equal to 3500 calories. The nurse should instruct the client to reduce his daily caloric intake by how many calories?
Correct Answer: 1000
Rationale: Calculation: 2 lb × 3,500 cal/lb = 7,000 cal/week; 7,000 ÷ 7 = 1,000 cal/day reduction achieves the weight loss goal.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a health clinic is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following information in the client's history increases her risk for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactose intolerance limits calcium intake, a key risk factor for osteoporosis; gardening and walking are protective, and moderate wine has minimal impact.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to undergo a bone marrow aspiration. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pressure is applied post-procedure to prevent bleeding; marrow is typically taken from the iliac crest, local anesthetic is used, and fasting isn't required.