ATI LPN
ATI NS122 Pediatrics Monroe College NY PN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure and vomiting. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Move the child into a side-lying position: This action is crucial during a seizure with vomiting to prevent aspiration. Placing the child on their side helps ensure that any vomit can easily exit the mouth and reduces the risk of choking or aspiration into the lungs. Place a pillow under the child's head: While providing comfort is important, it is not the priority during a seizure with vomiting. Placing a pillow under the child's head might elevate the head slightly, but it doesn't address the risk of aspiration, which is the primary concern. Time the seizure: Timing the seizure is important for documentation and to monitor the duration of the seizure. However, it is not the priority during the active phase of the seizure, especially when vomiting is occurring. Remove the child's eyeglasses: Removing the child's eyeglasses is not a priority during a seizure with vomiting. While it's important to prevent injury, particularly to the eyes, during a seizure, the immediate concern is addressing the risk of aspiration caused by vomiting.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a 2-year-old child who had an orchiopexy to correct cryptorchidism. Which statement by the parents indicate that further teaching is necessary?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I give him medication so he'll be comfortable.' - This statement indicates that the parents are providing medication to ensure the child's comfort after the procedure, which is an appropriate action. It suggests that the parents are attentive to the child's needs postoperatively. 'I check his voiding to be sure there's no problem.' - Checking the child's voiding is important postoperatively to ensure there are no urinary retention issues or other complications related to urination. This statement reflects appropriate postoperative care and monitoring. 'I check his temperature.' - Monitoring the child's temperature is also a good practice postoperatively to watch for signs of infection or other complications. This statement indicates that the parents are attentive to signs of potential postoperative issues. 'I'll let him decide when to return to his play activities.' - This statement suggests that the parents plan to let the child decide when to resume play activities after the surgery. However, after a surgical procedure like orchiopexy, it's important for parents to follow specific guidelines provided by healthcare providers regarding activity restrictions and return to normal activities. Allowing the child to decide may not align with the recommended postoperative care plan.
Question 3 of 5
A school-age child in an emergency department has a 2-day history of nausea and vomiting and reports severe right lower quadrant pain. A nurse is preparing the child for an appendectomy. Which of the following statements by the child should the nurse find most concerning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: My belly doesn't hurt anymore.' - This statement is concerning because sudden relief from severe right lower quadrant pain in a child with a history of nausea, vomiting, and suspected appendicitis may indicate a rupture or perforation of the appendix. When the appendix ruptures, there may be a temporary alleviation of pain due to the release of pressure. However, this situation is critical and requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications such as peritonitis or sepsis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial-thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain management is critical for burn care, especially before activities like physical therapy that can be painful. Administering pain medication 30 minutes before therapy helps ensure the child is more comfortable and able to participate effectively in rehabilitation. This is a recommended intervention. While involving the child in decisions about their care can promote autonomy and improve adherence, the schedule for burn care and therapy should be based on medical needs and healing processes rather than the child's preference. Care schedules should be designed to optimize healing and manage pain effectively. Burn patients typically have increased nutritional needs due to the high metabolic demands of healing. High-calorie, protein-rich snacks are usually recommended to support wound healing and overall recovery, rather than low-calorie options. Maintain medical asepsis during dressing changes: For burn care, maintaining sterile technique is critical to prevent infection. Medical asepsis is generally not sufficient; sterile technique is required for dressing changes to reduce the risk of infection.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client who has pruritus following treatment for scabies. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Take a hot shower daily to relieve itching.' This instruction is not recommended because hot water can exacerbate itching and worsen the condition. Hot showers can strip the skin of its natural oils, leading to further dryness and irritation, which may aggravate the itching associated with scabies. 'Wear loose fitting clothing while you are experiencing itching.' This instruction is appropriate because loose-fitting clothing can help minimize friction and irritation on the skin affected by scabies. Tight clothing can exacerbate itching and discomfort, so wearing loose clothing can provide relief and allow the skin to breathe. 'Add fabric softener to linens when they are washed.' This instruction is not recommended because fabric softeners may contain chemicals or fragrances that can irritate the skin, especially for someone with pruritus or scabies. It's best to use gentle, fragrance-free laundry detergent to wash linens and clothing to minimize potential irritation. 'Use a soft bristle brush to gently rub the affected areas.' This instruction is not recommended because using a brush, even if it has soft bristles, can further irritate the skin and potentially spread the scabies mites to other areas of the body. It's best to avoid any abrasive or vigorous rubbing of the affected areas and instead focus on gentle cleansing and moisturizing techniques.