ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is attending a continuing education course about communicable diseases. The nurse should identify that varicella has which of the following incubation periods?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The incubation period for varicella, or chickenpox, is typically longer than 2 to 5 days. It usually ranges from 10 to 21 days. An incubation period of 3 to 4 weeks is within the typical range for varicella. However, the average incubation period is usually around 14 to 16 days. An incubation period of 7 to 10 days is shorter than the typical incubation period for varicella, which is usually around 14 to 16 days. An incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks is within the typical range for varicella. The average incubation period is usually around 14 to 16 days.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has muscular dystrophy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that Apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Spinal defects and sac-like protrusions are not typically associated with muscular dystrophy. They are more commonly seen in conditions like spina bifida.
Choice B rationale: Muscular weakness in the lower extremities is a common symptom of muscular dystrophy. This is due to the progressive degeneration of muscle fibers, which leads to weakness and loss of muscle mass.
Choice C rationale: Kyphosis of the lower spine can be a complication of muscular dystrophy. As the muscles supporting the spine weaken, the spine can curve abnormally, leading to kyphosis.
Choice D rationale: Purposeless, involuntary, abnormal movements are not typically associated with muscular dystrophy. These symptoms are more commonly seen in neurological conditions like Huntington's disease or certain types of cerebral palsy.
Choice E rationale: An unsteady waddling gait is often seen in individuals with muscular dystrophy. This is due to the progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass in the lower extremities.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with a parent of a 2-month-old infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by hunger after meals. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms described by the parent - projectile vomiting followed by hunger - could indicate a serious condition such as pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the small intestine. This condition can lead to severe dehydration and requires immediate medical attention. While burping can help to relieve gas and minor stomach discomfort, it would not address the underlying issue causing the projectile vomiting. This advice might be appropriate for a baby with simple colic or gas, but not for the symptoms described. While oral rehydrating solutions can help to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, they do not address the underlying cause of the projectile vomiting. Furthermore, if the baby is vomiting frequently, they may not be able to keep down the solution. Switching formulas can sometimes help babies who have allergies or intolerances to certain ingredients in their current formula. However, the symptoms described are not typical of a formula intolerance or allergy. Moreover, switching formulas without seeking medical advice can potentially lead to other complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse collects data knowing that a common characteristic associated with nephrotic syndrome is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. In fact, some patients with nephrotic syndrome may experience high blood pressure. Generalized edema, or swelling, is a common characteristic of nephrotic syndrome. It occurs due to the loss of proteins in the urine, which leads to a decrease in the amount of protein in the blood. This decrease in blood protein levels causes fluid to move from the blood vessels into the tissues, leading to swelling. Increased urinary output is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. In fact, some patients may experience decreased urine output. Bright red blood in the urine is not a typical symptom of nephrotic syndrome. Hematuria, or blood in the urine, when present in nephrotic syndrome, is usually microscopic and not visible to the naked eye.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has tinea pedis. The child's parent asks the nurse what this infection is commonly called. The nurse should respond with which of the following common names?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash and is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Tinea pedis is a foot infection due to a dermatophyte fungus. It is the most common dermatophyte infection and is particularly prevalent in hot, tropical, urban environments. Interdigital involvement is most commonly seen (this presentation is also known as athlete's foot, although some people use the term for any kind of tinea pedis). Fever blister, also known as cold sores, are caused by the herpes simplex virus. They are small, fluid-filled blisters that develop on the lips or around the mouth. Pinworms are a type of parasite that lives in the lower intestine of humans. They are tiny, narrow worms. They are white and less than a half-inch long.