ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Physical Examination
Vital Signs
Diagnostic Results
Guardians report the child has had a decrease in activity for 2 weeks. Child has been reporting pain in the legs. Guardians state that their child has been napping longer than usual and appears tired throughout the day. Child has had cold symptoms that have been persistent with a fever and congestion for the past 10 days. Guardians have been administering acetaminophen for fever with moderate relief
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a toddler. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first address the child's ___ followed by the child's ___
| pain |
| bruising |
| temperature |
| heart rate |
| laboratory values |
| respiratory rate |
| nasal stuffiness |
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The nurse should first address the child's temperature followed by the child's laboratory values. Temperature: The child has a fever of 38.9°C (102°F), which is above the normal range for toddlers (36.5°C to 37.5°C or 97.7°F to 99.5°F). A high fever can indicate an ongoing infection or inflammatory process and can lead to serious complications, especially in a toddler. Addressing the fever promptly is crucial to prevent potential febrile seizures, dehydration, and other heat-related complications. Fever management is essential to improving the child's comfort and preventing the worsening of symptoms. Laboratory values: The child's laboratory results show abnormalities that are significant. Hemoglobin is low at 7.6 g/dL (indicating anemia), hematocrit is also low at 21%, and platelets are decreased at 110,000/mm³, which could suggest a hematologic disorder such as leukemia or a severe infection. The elevated white blood cell count further supports the presence of an infection or an inflammatory response. These lab abnormalities are critical and need to be addressed to determine the underlying cause and to plan further treatment.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following is an action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Offer chicken broth: Chicken broth alone may not provide adequate electrolyte replacement and hydration needed for managing diarrhea-related dehydration. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides: NPO status is generally not necessary unless the child is unable to tolerate oral fluids. ORT is preferred to maintain hydration. Start hypertonic IV solution: Hypertonic IV solutions are not typically used for routine management of dehydration from diarrhea in children. ORT is safer and effective. Assist with initiating oral rehydration therapy: Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the primary intervention for managing dehydration due to diarrhea in children. It helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes and is the recommended first-line treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10/mg/kg PO to a preschool child for fever. The child weighs 22 lb. Available is acetaminophen liquid 160 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First, convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms: 22 lb ÷ 2.2 = 10 kg. Calculate the dose: 10 kg × 10 mg/kg = 100 mg. Next, calculate how many mL of acetaminophen liquid (160 mg/5 mL) is needed for 100 mg: 100mg ÷ 160mg/5ml = 100 × 5/160 = 3.125ml. Rounded to the nearest tenth, administer 3.1 mL (since the medication is typically measured in tenths).
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the record of a child admitted to the hospital with nephrotic syndrome. Which finding would the nurse expect to note documented in the record?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased appetite: Increased appetite is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome, as protein loss can lead to generalized malaise and decreased appetite. Proteinuria: Proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine) is a hallmark finding in nephrotic syndrome due to increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. Weight loss: Weight gain due to edema is more common in nephrotic syndrome than weight loss. Hyperalbuminemia: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by hypoalbuminemia (low albumin levels) due to loss of albumin through the kidneys.
Question 5 of 5
A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary tract infection: Dysuria (painful urination) and urgency are common symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Nephrotic syndrome: Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with proteinuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia, not dysuria and urgency. Acute glomerulonephritis: Acute glomerulonephritis may present with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema, but not typically with dysuria and urgency. Vesicoureteral reflux: Vesicoureteral reflux may present with recurrent UTIs but is not typically associated with dysuria and urgency as primary symptoms.