ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A male patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of epigastric pain, which he describes as burning and gnawing. The pain occurs 2-3 hours after eating and is somewhat relieved by food or antacids. He has a history of smoking and occasional alcohol use. Upon assessment, the patient exhibits tenderness in the epigastric region, and his vital signs are stable. The patient is diagnosed with a peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administer a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) as prescribed: PPIs reduce gastric acid production, promoting ulcer healing. High-fiber diets, frequent meals, or dairy are less effective or contraindicated.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is providing dietary teaching to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the dietary recommendations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should include high-protein foods like chicken and fish in my diet: High-protein foods support healing and muscle maintenance in Crohn's disease. Plant-based-only or low-protein diets are not recommended.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following client statements demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the dietary and lifestyle modifications necessary for managing symptoms associated with a hiatal hernia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A, B, E: Maintaining a healthy weight, elevating the bed, and avoiding caffeine/spicy foods reduce hiatal hernia symptoms. Less fluid and lying down after meals are not recommended.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia: Chronic blood loss from ulcerative colitis can cause iron-deficiency anemia, leading to fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Dehydration, hyperkalemia, and electrolyte imbalances do not directly cause these symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A male presents to the emergency department with confusion, lethargy, and a decreased level of consciousness. His friends report that he ingested a large quantity of unknown pills in a suicide attempt. Laboratory results reveal severe metabolic acidosis, high anion gap, and elevated serum creatinine. Which of the following is the most urgent indication for initiating dialysis in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Overdose: Dialysis is indicated to clear toxins from an overdose causing metabolic acidosis and renal impairment. CKD, hypertension, or dehydration are not the primary reasons.