Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A child weighs 6 lbs and is to receive Ampicillin 50 mg/kg/24 hrs and then it's divided into q hr doses. How many mg will he receive with each dose?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
Step 1: Convert the child's weight from lbs to kg. Since 1 lb is approximately 0.45 kg, a child who weighs 6 lbs weighs approximately 2.72 kg (6 lbs Ã— 0.45 =2.72 kg).
Step 2: Calculate the total daily dose of Ampicillin. The total daily dose is 50 mg/kg/day, so for a child who weighs 2.72 kg, the total daily dose would be approximately 136 mg (50 mg/kg/day Ã— 2.72 kg = 136 mg/day).
Step 3: Since the total daily dose is divided into q hr doses (4 doses per day), each dose would be approximately 34 mg (136 mg/day Ã· 4 doses/day = 34 mg/dose). So, the child will receive approximately 34 mg of Ampicillin with each dose.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is planning to monitor a client for dehydration following several episodes of vomiting and an increase in the client's temperature. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is dehydrated?

A. Urine specific gravity 1.034.B. Bounding pulse.C. BP 46/94 mm Hg.D. Distended neck veins.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A urine specific gravity of 1.034 is higher than the normal range (1.002-1.030), indicating that the urine is more concentrated due to a lack of hydration. A bounding pulse is not typically associated with dehydration. Dehydration more commonly results in a weak, rapid pulse. A blood pressure reading of 46/94 mm Hg is not indicative of dehydration. Dehydration often leads to low blood pressure. Distended neck veins are not a typical sign of dehydration. Dehydration can lead to decreased blood volume, which would not cause distension of the neck veins.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a child who has an allergy to eggs. The nurse should know that an allergy to eggs is a contraindication for which of the following immunizations?

A. Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib)B. Inactivated poliovirus (IPv)C. Hepatitis B (HepB)D. Influenza

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The Hib vaccine is used to prevent Haemophilus influenza type b, a bacteria responsible for severe pneumonia, meningitis and other invasive diseases almost exclusively in children aged less than 5 years. The Inactivated poliovirus (IPv) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The IPV vaccine is used to prevent polio, a crippling and potentially deadly infectious disease. The Hepatitis B (Hep
B) vaccine is not contraindicated for people with egg allergies. The HepB vaccine is used to prevent hepatitis B, a viral infection that attacks the liver. The Influenza vaccine is contraindicated for people with severe egg allergies. Most flu vaccines today are produced using an egg-based manufacturing process and thus contain a small amount of egg protein called ovalbumin.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is collecting data from a child who has muscular dystrophy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that Apply)

A. Spinal defect and sac-like protrusionB. Muscular weakness in lower extremitiesC. Kyphosis of the lower spineD. Purposeless, involuntary, abnormal movementsE. Unsteady waddling gait

Correct Answer: B,C,E

Rationale:
Choice A rationale: Spinal defects and sac-like protrusions are not typically associated with muscular dystrophy. They are more commonly seen in conditions like spina bifida.
Choice B rationale: Muscular weakness in the lower extremities is a common symptom of muscular dystrophy. This is due to the progressive degeneration of muscle fibers, which leads to weakness and loss of muscle mass.
Choice C rationale: Kyphosis of the lower spine can be a complication of muscular dystrophy. As the muscles supporting the spine weaken, the spine can curve abnormally, leading to kyphosis.
Choice D rationale: Purposeless, involuntary, abnormal movements are not typically associated with muscular dystrophy. These symptoms are more commonly seen in neurological conditions like Huntington's disease or certain types of cerebral palsy.
Choice E rationale: An unsteady waddling gait is often seen in individuals with muscular dystrophy. This is due to the progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass in the lower extremities.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is providing instructions about methylphenidate (Ritalin) to the parents of a school-age child who has ADHD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. You will need to give your child the medication after meals.B. You will need to have your child's blood glucose level checked monthly.C. You should not give your child the medication on weekends.D. You should give your child's last daily dose of the medication before 6 o'clock in the evening.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D). It is not necessary to give the medication after meals. The medication can be taken with or without food. However, some people find that taking it with food can help prevent stomach upset. Regular blood glucose level checks are not typically required when a child is taking methylphenidate. This medication does not have a significant impact on blood sugar levels. It is not generally recommended to skip doses of methylphenidate on weekends. Consistent medication administration is important for managing ADHD symptoms. However, the prescribing doctor may sometimes recommend a 'drug holiday' or break from the medication. This should only be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional. This is the correct answer. Methylphenidate is a stimulant, and taking it later in the day can cause insomnia or trouble sleeping.
Therefore, it is often recommended that the last dose of the medication be given before 6 o'clock in the evening to minimize sleep disturbances.