ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 70-year-old patient presents with complaints of visual disturbances. Upon assessment, the patient reports experiencing difficulty reading, seeing faces clearly, and needing more light when performing tasks. What is the most likely clinical manifestation of macular degeneration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Central vision loss is the hallmark of macular degeneration, affecting tasks like reading and recognizing faces.
Question 2 of 5
A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with cataracts and is discussing treatment options with their healthcare provider. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for cataracts?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cataract surgery replaces the clouded lens with an artificial one, effectively restoring vision, unlike glasses, laser therapy, or eye drops.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-care during illness. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent blood glucose testing every 6 hours during illness helps manage fluctuations and prevent complications in type 1 diabetes.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with excessive thirst, frequent urination, and signs of dehydration. His laboratory results show low urine osmolality and high serum sodium levels. Based on this case scenario, which of the following management strategies would be appropriate for this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Desmopressin reduces urine output in conditions like diabetes insipidus, and hypotonic saline corrects dehydration and high serum sodium. Diuretics, fluid restriction, and hypertonic saline would worsen the condition.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with pheochromocytoma is admitted to the hospital with severe hypertension. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering an alpha-adrenergic blocker is critical to control severe hypertension caused by excessive catecholamines in pheochromocytoma, preventing complications like stroke.