ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which adverse effect unique to vancomycin is caused by histamine release?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Red-man syndrome is a histamine-mediated reaction to rapid vancomycin infusion, causing flushing, rash, and pruritus. It is not an allergy but a direct drug effect. Discoloration is associated with rifampin, while ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are vancomycin side effects unrelated to histamine.
Question 2 of 5
Which hormones that regulate blood glucose levels are secreted by the pancreas? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Insulin lowers blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, and glucagon raises it by promoting glycogenolysis, both secreted by the pancreas. Growth hormone and antidiuretic hormone come from the pituitary, and estrogen from the ovaries, none directly regulating blood glucose from the pancreas.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer diazepam 3 mg IM. The amount available is diazepam for injection 5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.6
Rationale:
To calculate the volume, use: Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) ÷ Concentration (mg/mL). Given a dose of 3 mg and concentration of 5 mg/mL, Volume = 3 ÷ 5 = 0.6 mL, rounded to the nearest tenth as instructed.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is screening a group of clients. Which client has the greatest risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Being overweight, especially with central adiposity, is a significant risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, and risk increases with age, particularly over 45. A 55-year-old female who is 20 pounds overweight has the highest risk among the options. Arthritic pain, normal weight in youth, or developmental delay do not directly correlate with increased Type 2 diabetes risk unless accompanied by obesity or inactivity.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is admitting a patient to the acute care floor. While obtaining the history, the client tells the nurse she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following medications, if ordered by the physician, would be safe for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has a different chemical structure from penicillins, making it safe for penicillin-allergic patients. Piperacillin-tazobactam and ampicillin sulbactam are penicillin derivatives, contraindicated due to allergy risk. Cefazolin, a cephalosporin, carries a potential for cross-reactivity, especially with severe penicillin allergies, and should be used cautiously or avoided.