ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When administering a medication, a nurse should check the label on the drug container against the MAR when removing the drug container from the client's medication drawer, when removing the drug from the medication container, and:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Showing the client isn't a standard check; patients don't verify MAR, and this step lacks relevance to the nurse's triple-check safety protocol. Checking before returning ensures accuracy; the third check confirms the right drug post-administration, completing the three-point verification process safely. Calling the pharmacy is unrelated; label checks occur during administration, not external consultation, making this an irrelevant timing option. Colleague checks aren't routine; the three checks are individual, and this step doesn't align with standard MAR verification timing protocols.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drug orders will provide the fastest pain relief for the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fentanyl transdermal releases slowly over hours; its onset of 12-24 hours is too delayed for rapid pain relief, suiting chronic, not acute, pain management. Oral morphine (assuming PO) takes 30-60 minutes for onset; its slower absorption via the gut delays relief compared to faster intravenous routes. Acetaminophen with oxycodone (PO) has a 30-60 minute onset; gastrointestinal absorption limits speed, making it less rapid than IV administration for acute pain. Hydromorphone IV acts within 5-10 minutes; direct bloodstream delivery bypasses digestion, providing the fastest opioid receptor activation for immediate pain relief.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is admitted to the cardiac unit. Everyone admitted to the cardiac unit will have an EKG done unless otherwise ordered. This is an example of which type of order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PRN is as needed; EKGs here are routine, not symptom-driven, making this inapplicable to a standard admission protocol for all patients. One-time is a single event; this order applies to all admissions ongoing, not a one-off, distinguishing it from limited-duration directives. STAT is immediate; routine EKGs aren't urgent, occurring as part of standard care, not requiring the priority of acute intervention orders. Standing orders apply automatically to all qualifying patients; this EKG protocol fits, ensuring consistent cardiac assessment unless overridden.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse caring for a patient without any religious affiliation who was admitted 2 days ago with a severe gastrointestinal infection encounters the hospital chaplain who wants to pray with the patient. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Permission respects autonomy; without religious affiliation, the patient may decline, and consent ensures ethical care aligned with individual beliefs. Assuming the patient’s preference without asking dismisses autonomy, endorsing without consent risks imposing unwanted activity, and a doctor’s order is unnecessary for prayer, which is a chaplain’s role.
Question 5 of 5
After the nurse hands a client a medication, the client says, 'What is this red tablet for? I have always taken a yellow pill.' What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Withholding and rechecking ensures safety; a color change signals a potential error, and verifying the MAR against orders prevents administering the wrong drug. Assuming a change is risky; without confirmation, administering an unverified drug could harm the patient if it's not the intended prescription. Administering then checking later endangers the patient; a wrong drug could cause adverse effects, and delayed verification violates safety protocols. Describing and giving without verification is unsafe; the red tablet may not match the order, risking incorrect treatment or allergic reactions.