ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is going to administer a medication that must be crushed for the patient to take it. This medication is best given to the patient by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applesauce masks taste and aids swallowing; it ensures crushed medication is consumed fully, maintaining dose integrity without altering pharmacokinetics significantly. Juice may alter absorption, water may not mask bitterness, and meat/vegetables risk uneven distribution.
Question 2 of 5
The technique in which the practitioner alters body energy fields by passing his hands over the patient to determine where tensions exist is the practice of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Biofeedback uses devices to monitor physiological signals (e.g., heart rate); it doesn't involve hands altering energy fields, focusing on self-regulation instead. Allopathic is conventional medicine (e.g., drugs, surgery); it relies on empirical science, not energy field manipulation, differing from the described technique. Imagery involves mental visualization for relaxation; it's cognitive, not physical, and lacks the hands-on energy assessment central to the practice. Therapeutic touch uses hand passes to sense and adjust energy fields; it aims to reduce tension, aligning precisely with the described holistic method.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is scheduled to have biofeedback therapy for migraine headaches. On arrival to the clinic, the patient appears anxious and fearful and tells the nurse that she does not want electric shocks. The most reassuring response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rescheduling dismisses the patient's fear; it delays therapy without addressing misconceptions, missing a chance to educate and proceed with migraine relief. Questioning prior explanation may shame the patient; it doesn't clarify biofeedback's non-invasive nature, failing to reduce anxiety about shocks. Explaining no shocks and describing biofeedback as monitoring reassures scientifically; it corrects fears, aligning with its role in stress-related migraine management. Vague reassurance lacks specificity; without addressing shocks, it's less effective, as patients need clear, factual dispelling of their expressed concern.
Question 4 of 5
After receiving Nembutal PO at bedtime, a client is wide awake all night instead of going to sleep. What kind of adverse reaction to a drug does this situation represent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Toxic effects involve overdose symptoms like coma; staying awake isn’t toxicity, as Nembutal’s sedative intent is reversed, not exaggerated, in this reaction.
Drug allergy causes immune responses (e.g., rash); insomnia isn’t allergic, but a paradoxical effect, differing from hypersensitivity reactions entirely.
Idiosyncrasy is an unexpected reaction; Nembutal, a barbiturate, should sedate, but wakefulness is an abnormal, individual response, fitting this category precisely.
Tolerance reduces efficacy over time; this acute, opposite reaction to a sedative isn’t tolerance, but an immediate, unpredictable drug response.
Question 5 of 5
When preparing medications for delivery to an assigned patient, the nurse should check each medication for accuracy of drug and dose:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Checking medications only once increases the likelihood of errors. Safe practice requires multiple verification steps. While better than a single check, verifying only twice may still miss potential discrepancies in drug or dosage accuracy. The three-check system (when retrieving, preparing, and administering medication) minimizes errors, ensuring patient safety through consistent validation at each step. Excessive verification may delay administration, reducing practicality without significantly improving safety beyond three checks.